diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Gem/manual/Utility.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | Gem/manual/Utility.html | 298 |
1 files changed, 149 insertions, 149 deletions
diff --git a/Gem/manual/Utility.html b/Gem/manual/Utility.html index c8f6e17..b2e619e 100644 --- a/Gem/manual/Utility.html +++ b/Gem/manual/Utility.html @@ -1,149 +1,149 @@ -<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
-<html>
-<head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
- <meta name="Author" content="Mark Danks">
- <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.5 [en] (WinNT; I) [Netscape]">
- <title>Utility objects</title>
-</head>
-<body>
-
-<center>
-<h2>
-<u>Utility objects</u></h2></center>
-There are a number of objects which were written to make it easier to use
-both GEM and pd. For instance, you often pass around 3 floats at
-a time in GEM, either for position or colors. To help with this,
-there are a collection of vector objects. Use the list below to find
-out about the objects.
-<p>These objects used to be in a separate library called MarkEx, but they
-have now been folded into GEM.
-<p><a href="#counter">counter</a> - count the number of bangs
-<br><a href="#average">average</a> - average a series of numbers together
-<br><a href="#change">change</a> - only output when there is a change in
-the number
-<br><a href="#invert">invert</a> - invert a number
-<br><a href="#randF">randomF/randF</a> - floating point random number
-<br><a href="#tripleLine">tripleLine</a> - line object for 3 values
-<br><a href="#tripleRand">tripleRand</a> - three random numbers
-<br><a href="#vector">vector objects</a> - process a series of numbers
-<br><a href="#hsv2rgb">hsv2rgb and rgb2hsv</a> - convert between RGB and
-HSV color space
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="counter"></a>counter</h3>
-
-<center><img SRC="counter.jpg" BORDER=1 height=85 width=87></center>
-
-<p>The inlets are:
-<br>bang (increment or decrement the counter)
-<br>set direction (1 = count up, 2 = count down, 3 = count up and down)
-<br>set low value
-<br>set hight value
-<br>The outlet is the current count.
-<p>So in this case, the top <i>counter</i> will count up from 1 to 10.
-The bottom <i>counter</i> will count up from 2 to 5.
-<p>The <i>counter</i> also accepts the messages reset and clear.
-Reset immediately sets the counter to its low value and outputs the value.
-The clear message means that the next bang will set the <i>counter</i>
-to its low value.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="average"></a>average</h3>
-The <i>average</i> object just averages a series of numbers as they come
-in. The left inlet accepts a single float. It then outputs
-the current average. The default number of floats to average together
-is 10, but that can be changed by sending a new value to the right inlet.
-<p>The <i>average</i> object also accepts the messages clear and reset.
-Clear will immediately set all of the values that the object has been storing
-for averaging to 0. With the reset message, you must pass in a number
-to set all of the values.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="change"></a>change</h3>
-<i>Change</i> only accepts a number into its left inlet. If the number
-is the same as the last number sent to the <i>change</i> object, then it
-does nothing. If the number is different, then the <i>change</i>
-object will output the new number and store it for the next comparision.
-<p>This object is very useful for the == object and others like it, since
-they send a 0 or a 1 every time they do a comparision, and you usually
-only care when the state actually changes.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="invert"></a>invert</h3>
-The <i>invert</i> object is very simple. If the number sent to its
-left inlet is equal to 0., then <i>invert</i> outputs a 1. If the
-number is not equal to 0., the <i>invert</i> outputs a 0.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="randF"></a>randomF/randF</h3>
-One problem with the <i>random</i> object in pd is that it only sends out
-integers. This a real problem in GEM, where you often want a value
-between 0 and 1. <i>randomF</i> is exactly like the <i>random</i>
-object.
-<p>When the left inlet gets a bang, <i>randomF</i> outputs a random number
-between 0 and the given range. The range can be set with a number
-to the right inlet.
-<p><i>randF</i> is just an alternate name for <i>randomF</i>.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="tripleLine"></a>tripleLine</h3>
-
-<center><img SRC="tripleLine.jpg" BORDER=1 height=92 width=111></center>
-
-<p>The <i>line</i> object is really great for dealing with a single number.
-To do a line with 3 values, like an RGB color value, means that you have
-to unpack, do a <i>line</i>, then repack the number. Not only is
-it a pain, but it expensive computationally.
-<p><i>tripleLine</i> behaves just like the <i>line</i> object, only it
-accepts three numbers to interpolate between. In the example, <i>tripleLine</i>
-will interpolate from the current values to 1., .2, .4 over 1000 milliseconds.
-The default output resolution is 50 milliseconds, which is the same default
-rendering time. Going faster with GEM objects will not produce any
-benefit, unless you increase the frames per second.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="tripleRand"></a>tripleRand</h3>
-
-<center><img SRC="tripleRand.jpg" BORDER=1 height=89 width=149></center>
-
-<p>Just as using <i>tripleLine</i> makes it easier to interpolate between
-3 values at once, <i>tripleRand</i> makes it easy to generate three random
-values. In the above example, when the bang is sent, <i>tripleRand</i>
-will create three values and output them, with the first between 0 - 1,
-the second between 0 - .5, and the third from 0 - .8.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="vector"></a>Vector objects</h3>
-The vector math objects are
-<br><i>vector+ </i>or<i> v+</i>
-<br><i>vector- </i>or<i> v-</i>
-<br><i>vector* </i>or<i> v*</i>
-<br><i>vector/ </i>or<i> v/</i>
-<br>All of the above objects perform math on a list of numbers. The
-left inlet accepts a list of numbers of any length. The right inlet
-accepts a single value, which is the operand for the computation.
-In other words, they work just like the normal *, +, -, and / objects,
-except they can handle more than one number in the left inlet.
-<p>There are two other objects which are also useful.
-<p>The first is <i>vectorabs </i>or<i> vabs</i>. It computes the absolute
-value on a list of numbers.
-<p>The second object is <i>vectorpack </i>or<i> vpack</i>. <i>vpack</i>
-accepts a list of numbers in the left inlet and a single number into the
-right inlet. The output is a single list of numbers that is the vector
-with the single number appended to the end. This is very useful when
-you want to change the time for a <i>tripleLine</i> without unpacking and
-repacking all of the data.<i></i>
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="hsv2rgb"></a>hsv2rgb and rgb2hsv</h3>
-These two objects convert three numbers between HSV and RGB color space.
-HSV stands for hue, saturation, and value. The simple way to think
-of HSV space is that hue is the "color", such as red, blue, etc, the saturation
-is how intense the color is, and the value is how bright the color is.
-<p>You can get some really nice effects by varying the hue of a color,
-because the brightness will not change while you do it.
-<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561>
-<p><a href="index.html">[return]</a>
-</body>
-</html>
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en"> +<html> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> + <meta name="Author" content="Mark Danks"> + <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.5 [en] (WinNT; I) [Netscape]"> + <title>Utility objects</title> +</head> +<body> + +<center> +<h2> +<u>Utility objects</u></h2></center> +There are a number of objects which were written to make it easier to use +both GEM and pd. For instance, you often pass around 3 floats at +a time in GEM, either for position or colors. To help with this, +there are a collection of vector objects. Use the list below to find +out about the objects. +<p>These objects used to be in a separate library called MarkEx, but they +have now been folded into GEM. +<p><a href="#counter">counter</a> - count the number of bangs +<br><a href="#average">average</a> - average a series of numbers together +<br><a href="#change">change</a> - only output when there is a change in +the number +<br><a href="#invert">invert</a> - invert a number +<br><a href="#randF">randomF/randF</a> - floating point random number +<br><a href="#tripleLine">tripleLine</a> - line object for 3 values +<br><a href="#tripleRand">tripleRand</a> - three random numbers +<br><a href="#vector">vector objects</a> - process a series of numbers +<br><a href="#hsv2rgb">hsv2rgb and rgb2hsv</a> - convert between RGB and +HSV color space +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="counter"></a>counter</h3> + +<center><img SRC="counter.jpg" BORDER=1 height=85 width=87></center> + +<p>The inlets are: +<br>bang (increment or decrement the counter) +<br>set direction (1 = count up, 2 = count down, 3 = count up and down) +<br>set low value +<br>set hight value +<br>The outlet is the current count. +<p>So in this case, the top <i>counter</i> will count up from 1 to 10. +The bottom <i>counter</i> will count up from 2 to 5. +<p>The <i>counter</i> also accepts the messages reset and clear. +Reset immediately sets the counter to its low value and outputs the value. +The clear message means that the next bang will set the <i>counter</i> +to its low value. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="average"></a>average</h3> +The <i>average</i> object just averages a series of numbers as they come +in. The left inlet accepts a single float. It then outputs +the current average. The default number of floats to average together +is 10, but that can be changed by sending a new value to the right inlet. +<p>The <i>average</i> object also accepts the messages clear and reset. +Clear will immediately set all of the values that the object has been storing +for averaging to 0. With the reset message, you must pass in a number +to set all of the values. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="change"></a>change</h3> +<i>Change</i> only accepts a number into its left inlet. If the number +is the same as the last number sent to the <i>change</i> object, then it +does nothing. If the number is different, then the <i>change</i> +object will output the new number and store it for the next comparision. +<p>This object is very useful for the == object and others like it, since +they send a 0 or a 1 every time they do a comparision, and you usually +only care when the state actually changes. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="invert"></a>invert</h3> +The <i>invert</i> object is very simple. If the number sent to its +left inlet is equal to 0., then <i>invert</i> outputs a 1. If the +number is not equal to 0., the <i>invert</i> outputs a 0. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="randF"></a>randomF/randF</h3> +One problem with the <i>random</i> object in pd is that it only sends out +integers. This a real problem in GEM, where you often want a value +between 0 and 1. <i>randomF</i> is exactly like the <i>random</i> +object. +<p>When the left inlet gets a bang, <i>randomF</i> outputs a random number +between 0 and the given range. The range can be set with a number +to the right inlet. +<p><i>randF</i> is just an alternate name for <i>randomF</i>. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="tripleLine"></a>tripleLine</h3> + +<center><img SRC="tripleLine.jpg" BORDER=1 height=92 width=111></center> + +<p>The <i>line</i> object is really great for dealing with a single number. +To do a line with 3 values, like an RGB color value, means that you have +to unpack, do a <i>line</i>, then repack the number. Not only is +it a pain, but it expensive computationally. +<p><i>tripleLine</i> behaves just like the <i>line</i> object, only it +accepts three numbers to interpolate between. In the example, <i>tripleLine</i> +will interpolate from the current values to 1., .2, .4 over 1000 milliseconds. +The default output resolution is 50 milliseconds, which is the same default +rendering time. Going faster with GEM objects will not produce any +benefit, unless you increase the frames per second. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="tripleRand"></a>tripleRand</h3> + +<center><img SRC="tripleRand.jpg" BORDER=1 height=89 width=149></center> + +<p>Just as using <i>tripleLine</i> makes it easier to interpolate between +3 values at once, <i>tripleRand</i> makes it easy to generate three random +values. In the above example, when the bang is sent, <i>tripleRand</i> +will create three values and output them, with the first between 0 - 1, +the second between 0 - .5, and the third from 0 - .8. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="vector"></a>Vector objects</h3> +The vector math objects are +<br><i>vector+ </i>or<i> v+</i> +<br><i>vector- </i>or<i> v-</i> +<br><i>vector* </i>or<i> v*</i> +<br><i>vector/ </i>or<i> v/</i> +<br>All of the above objects perform math on a list of numbers. The +left inlet accepts a list of numbers of any length. The right inlet +accepts a single value, which is the operand for the computation. +In other words, they work just like the normal *, +, -, and / objects, +except they can handle more than one number in the left inlet. +<p>There are two other objects which are also useful. +<p>The first is <i>vectorabs </i>or<i> vabs</i>. It computes the absolute +value on a list of numbers. +<p>The second object is <i>vectorpack </i>or<i> vpack</i>. <i>vpack</i> +accepts a list of numbers in the left inlet and a single number into the +right inlet. The output is a single list of numbers that is the vector +with the single number appended to the end. This is very useful when +you want to change the time for a <i>tripleLine</i> without unpacking and +repacking all of the data.<i></i> +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<h3> +<a NAME="hsv2rgb"></a>hsv2rgb and rgb2hsv</h3> +These two objects convert three numbers between HSV and RGB color space. +HSV stands for hue, saturation, and value. The simple way to think +of HSV space is that hue is the "color", such as red, blue, etc, the saturation +is how intense the color is, and the value is how bright the color is. +<p>You can get some really nice effects by varying the hue of a color, +because the brightness will not change while you do it. +<p><img SRC="tribar.gif" height=13 width=561> +<p><a href="index.html">[return]</a> +</body> +</html> |