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A Pd port of the VBAP object for Max/MSP
Written by Ville Pulkki
Helsinki University of Technology
Laboratory of acoustics and audio signal processing
http://www.acoustics.hut.fi/research/cat/vbap/
This is a library for Pure Data for sound spatialization using the
vector base amplitude panning (VBAP) method. VBAP is an amplitude
panning method to position virtual sources in arbitrary 2-D or 3-D
loudspeaker setups. In amplitude panning the same sound signal is
applied to a number of loudspeakers with appropriate non-zero
amplitudes. With 2-D setups VBAP is a reformulation of the existing
pair-wise panning method. However, differing from earlier solutions
it can be generalized for 3-D loudspeaker setups as a triplet-wise
panning method. A sound signal is then applied to one, two, or three
loudspeakers simultaneously. VBAP has certain advantages compared to
earlier virtual source positioning methods in arbitrary
layouts. Previous methods either used all loudspeakers to produce
virtual sources, which results in some artefacts, or they used
loudspeaker triplets with a non-generalizable 2-D user interface.
The directional qualities of virtual sources generated with VBAP can
be stated as follows. Directional coordinates used for this purpose
are the angle between a position vector and the median plane (θcc),
and the angle between a projection of a position vector to the median
plane and frontal direction (Φcc). The perceived θcc direction of a
virtual source coincides well with the VBAP panning direction when a
loudspeaker set is near the median plane. When the loudspeaker set is
moved towards a side of a listener, the perceived θcc direction is
biased towards the median plane. The perceived Φcc direction of an
amplitude-panned virtual source is individual and cannot be predicted
with any panning law.
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