fixed library versioning

updates for build system
small fix
updates to build system
fix tutorial compilation
install build system and a convenient script
first steps to flext framework for OSX

svn path=/trunk/; revision=2707

18 files changed, 173 insertions, 94 deletions

diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/build.sh b/externals/grill/flext/build.sh
index 09b3d003..1e8d4d61 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/build.sh
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/build.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ rtsys=$1
 compiler=$2
 target=$3
 
-# --- The subbatch knowns which make utility to use ---
+# --- The subbatch knows which make utility to use ---
 subbatch=${flext}buildsys/build-${compiler}.sh
 
 if 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
index b3a20f16..5a26af4c 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-
 INCPATH += -I$(FLEXTINC)
-LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB) -L$(FLEXTSHLIB)
+LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB)
 LIBS += -l$(FLEXTNAME)
 
 ##############################################
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
index 3a84d399..2689e922 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
-ifdef SHARED
-SONAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
-else
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-endif
-
 ##############################################
 
 # default target
@@ -28,7 +21,7 @@ $(TARGET) :: $(TARGETPATH)
 
 $(TARGET) :: $(COBJS) $(CPPOBJS)
 ifdef SHARED
-	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBPATH) -o $@ -Wl,-soname,$(SONAME) $(COBJS) $(CPPOBJS) $(LIBS)
+	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBPATH) -o $@ -Wl,-soname,$(TARGETNAME) $(COBJS) $(CPPOBJS) $(LIBS)
 	chmod 755 $@
 ifndef DEBUG
 ifndef PROFILE
@@ -46,21 +39,24 @@ _clean_:
 
 ##############################################
 
-ifdef SHARED
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTSHLIB)
-else
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTLIB)
-endif
-
-$(FLEXTINC):
-	-mkdir -p $@
-
-$(FLEXTLIBINST):
+$(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIB) $(FLEXTSYS) $(FLEXTBIN):
 	-mkdir -p $@
 
-_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
-	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
+_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIB) $(FLEXTSYS) $(FLEXTBIN)
+	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIB)
+ifdef VERNAME
 ifdef SHARED
-	/sbin/ldconfig -l $(TARGET)
+	/sbin/ldconfig -l $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+	-ln -sf $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME) $(FLEXTLIB)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
 endif
 	install $(patsubst %,$(SRCDIR)/%,$(HDRS)) $(FLEXTINC)
+# transfer build system
+	cp -rf buildsys $(FLEXTSYS)
+	install build.sh $(FLEXTSYS)
+	chmod -R a+rx $(FLEXTSYS)
+# make convenience script
+	echo bash $(FLEXTSYS)/build.sh $$\* > $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
+	chmod a+rx $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
+	
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc.inc
index 08945e71..6ff417aa 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-gcc.inc
@@ -1,7 +1,24 @@
 ##############################################
 
+FLEXTINC=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+FLEXTLIB=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+FLEXTSYS=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
+FLEXTBIN=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/bin
+
+##############################################
+
 OBJPATH=$(OUTPATH)/$(OUTSUB)
 TARGETPATH=$(OBJPATH)
+TARGETNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+
+ifdef PKGVERSION
+VERNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
+
+INSTTARGET=$(TARGET)
 
 ##############################################
 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-ext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-ext.inc
index 58bb7c3d..d19d5966 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-ext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-ext.inc
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-
 INCPATH += -I$(FLEXTINC)
-LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB) -L$(FLEXTSHLIB)
+LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB)
 LIBS += -l$(FLEXTNAME)
 
 ##############################################
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-flext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-flext.inc
index 8c106e7c..1668f609 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-flext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc-flext.inc
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
-ifdef SHARED
-SONAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
-else
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-endif
-
 ##############################################
 
 # default target
@@ -46,21 +39,24 @@ _clean_:
 
 ##############################################
 
-ifdef SHARED
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTSHLIB)
-else
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTLIB)
-endif
-
-$(FLEXTINC):
-	-mkdir -p $@
-
-$(FLEXTLIBINST):
+$(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIB) $(FLEXTSYS) $(FLEXTBIN):
 	-mkdir -p $@
 
-_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
-	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
+_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIB) $(FLEXTSYS) $(FLEXTBIN)
+	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIB)
+ifdef VERNAME
 ifdef SHARED
-	/sbin/ldconfig -l $(TARGET)
+	/sbin/ldconfig -l $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+	-ln -sf $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME) $(FLEXTLIB)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
 endif
 	install $(patsubst %,$(SRCDIR)/%,$(HDRS)) $(FLEXTINC)
+# transfer build system
+	cp -rf buildsys $(FLEXTSYS)
+	install build.sh $(FLEXTSYS)
+	chmod -R a+rx $(FLEXTSYS)
+# make convenience script
+	echo bash $(FLEXTSYS)/build.sh $$\* > $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
+	chmod a+rx $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
+	
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc.inc
index 96d3d642..d624dc79 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/gnumake-icc.inc
@@ -1,7 +1,24 @@
 ##############################################
 
+FLEXTINC=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+FLEXTLIB=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+FLEXTSYS=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
+FLEXTBIN=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/bin
+
+##############################################
+
 OBJPATH=$(OUTPATH)/$(OUTSUB)
 TARGETPATH=$(OBJPATH)
+TARGETNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+
+ifdef PKGVERSION
+VERNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
+
+INSTTARGET=$(TARGET)
 
 ##############################################
 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-gcc.def b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-gcc.def
index aaff3340..be09f6d8 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-gcc.def
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-gcc.def
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ PDPATH=/usr/local/src/pd
 
 ###############################################################
 
-# where do/should the flext headers reside/be built?
-FLEXTINC=/usr/local/include/flext
+# prefix for flext installation
+# headers are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+# libraries are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+# build system is in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
 
-# where do/should the flext static libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTLIB=/usr/local/lib
-
-# where do/should the flext shared libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTSHLIB=$(FLEXTLIB)
+FLEXTPREFIX=/usr/local
 
 ###############################################################
 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-icc.def b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-icc.def
index b6d6169e..526eba11 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-icc.def
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/lnx/pd/config-icc.def
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ PDPATH=/usr/local/src/pd
 
 ###############################################################
 
-# where do/should the flext headers reside/be built?
-FLEXTINC=/usr/local/include/flext
+# prefix for flext installation
+# headers are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+# libraries are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+# build system is in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
 
-# where do/should the flext static libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTLIB=/usr/local/lib
-
-# where do/should the flext shared libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTSHLIB=$(FLEXTLIB)
+FLEXTPREFIX=/usr/local
 
 ###############################################################
 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
index b5873d50..a44ae23c 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
 INCPATH += -I$(FLEXTINC)
-LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB) -L$(FLEXTSHLIB)
+LIBPATH += -L$(FLEXTLIB)
 LIBS += -l$(FLEXTNAME)
 
 # obviously header precompilation os still buggy with gcc 3.3
@@ -67,4 +67,5 @@ $(INSTPATH):
 	-mkdir -p $(INSTPATH)
 
 _install_:: $(INSTPATH)
+# copy plain file or whole bundle
 	cp -R $(INSTTARGET) $(INSTPATH)
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
index 44b6f6fe..5dd7d903 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 # build class specific settings
 
 ifdef SHARED
-#LDFLAGS += -dylib_install_name $(FLEXTSHLIB)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+LDFLAGS += -install_name $(FLEXTLIB)/$(TARGETNAME)
+# PKGVERSION must be in the 0.0.0 format
+LDFLAGS += -current_version $(PKGVERSION)
+# strip last number
+LDFLAGS += -compatibility_version $(basename $(PKGVERSION))
+LDFLAGS += -preload -seg1addr 0xd0000000
 endif
 
 ##############################################
@@ -56,22 +61,46 @@ _clean_:
 
 ##############################################
 
-ifdef SHARED
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTSHLIB)
-else
-FLEXTLIBINST=$(FLEXTLIB)
-endif
-
 $(FLEXTINC):
 	-mkdir -p $@
 
-$(FLEXTLIBINST):
+$(FLEXTLIB):
 	-mkdir -p $@
 
-_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
-	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIBINST)
+_install_: $(FLEXTINC) $(FLEXTLIB)
+ifdef FLEXTFRAMEWORK
+# --- install as framework ---
+ifndef PKGVERSION
+$(error Need package version)
+endif
+	mkdir -p $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Versions/$(basename $(PKGVERSION))/Headers
+	ln -sfh ./$(basename $(PKGVERSION)) $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Versions/Current
+	ln -sfh ./Versions/Current/Headers $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Headers
+	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Versions/Current
+ifdef SHARED
+	# make link without lib... and extension
+	ln -sf ./Versions/Current/$(VERNAME) $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/$(patsubst lib%,%,$(basename $(TARGETNAME)))
+else
+	ranlib $(FRAMEWORK)/Versions/Current/$(VERNAME) 
+	ln -sf ./Versions/Current/$(VERNAME) $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
+	install $(patsubst %,$(SRCDIR)/%,$(HDRS)) $(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Headers
+else
+# --- install as dynamic library ---
+	install $(TARGET) $(FLEXTLIB)
 ifndef SHARED
 # have to rerun ranlib at install dir ?!
-	ranlib $(FLEXTLIBINST)/$(notdir $(TARGET))  
+	ranlib $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME)  
+endif
+ifdef VERNAME
+	ln -sf $(FLEXTLIB)/$(VERNAME) $(FLEXTLIB)/$(TARGETNAME)
 endif
 	install $(patsubst %,$(SRCDIR)/%,$(HDRS)) $(FLEXTINC)
+endif
+# transfer build system
+	cp -rf buildsys $(FLEXTSYS)
+	install build.sh $(FLEXTSYS)
+	chmod -R a+rx $(FLEXTSYS)
+# make convenience script
+	echo bash $(FLEXTSYS)/build.sh $$\* > $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
+	chmod a+rx $(FLEXTBIN)/flext-build.sh
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc.inc
index 1bfe2362..4e7f84af 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/gnumake-gcc.inc
@@ -1,5 +1,23 @@
 ##############################################
 
+ifneq (,$(findstring Frameworks,$(FLEXTPREFIX)))
+FLEXTFRAMEWORK=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/flext.framework
+endif
+
+ifdef FLEXTFRAMEWORK
+FLEXTLIB=$(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)
+FLEXTINC=$(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Headers
+FLEXTSYS=$(FLEXTFRAMEWORK)/Resources
+else
+FLEXTLIB=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+FLEXTINC=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+FLEXTSYS=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
+endif
+
+FLEXTBIN=$(FLEXTPREFIX)/bin
+
+##############################################
+
 LDFLAGS += -dynamic -Wl,-x -framework ApplicationServices -framework vecLib
 
 ##############################################
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
index 85e01a75..de5afd04 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-ext.inc
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ EXT=mxo
 
 OBJPATH=$(OUTPATH)/$(OUTSUB)
 
+# bundle name (build site)
 INSTTARGET=$(OBJPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+# folder inside bundle (build site)
 TARGETPATH=$(INSTTARGET)/Contents/MacOS
+# file inside bundle (build site)
 TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME)
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
index b99cfec7..531d92b1 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/max/gnumake-gcc-flext.inc
@@ -7,8 +7,16 @@ endif
 ##############################################
 
 OBJPATH=$(OUTPATH)/$(OUTSUB)
-
 TARGETPATH=$(OBJPATH)
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+
+TARGETNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+ifdef PKGVERSION
+VERNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
+
 INSTTARGET=$(TARGET)
 
+
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/config-gcc.def b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/config-gcc.def
index c9ff54dc..2095518b 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/config-gcc.def
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/config-gcc.def
@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@ PDBIN=$(PDPATH)/bin/pd
 
 ###############################################################
 
-# where do/should the flext headers reside/be built?
-FLEXTINC=/usr/local/include/flext
+# prefix for flext installation
+# headers are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/include/flext
+# libraries are in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib
+# build system is in $(FLEXTPREFIX)/lib/flext
 
-# where do/should the flext static libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTLIB=/usr/local/lib
-
-# where do/should the flext shared libraries reside/be built?
-FLEXTSHLIB=$(FLEXTLIB)
+FLEXTPREFIX=/usr/local
 
 ###############################################################
 
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/gnumake-gcc.inc b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/gnumake-gcc.inc
index b57e87c2..4f1648c5 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/gnumake-gcc.inc
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/buildsys/mac/pd/gnumake-gcc.inc
@@ -7,6 +7,13 @@ LIBPATH += -L$(PDPATH)/bin
 
 OBJPATH=$(OUTPATH)/$(OUTSUB)
 TARGETPATH=$(OBJPATH)
-TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
-INSTTARGET=$(TARGET)
+TARGETNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(EXT)
+
+ifdef PKGVERSION
+VERNAME=$(OUTNAME).$(PKGVERSION).$(EXT)
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(VERNAME)
+else
+TARGET=$(TARGETPATH)/$(TARGETNAME)
+endif
 
+INSTTARGET=$(TARGET)
diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.bat b/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.bat
index dd503c8c..431454d4 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.bat
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.bat
@@ -2,16 +2,15 @@
 

 if "%1"=="" goto syntax

 if "%2"=="" goto syntax

-if "%3"=="" goto syntax

 

 rem first check configuration

-call ..\build.bat %1 %2 %3 config "PKGINFO="

+call ..\build.bat %1 %2 config "PKGINFO=" "NAME=tutorial" "SRCS=."

 if errorlevel 1 goto end

 

 for /D %%i in (*) do (

 	pushd %%i

 	if exist package.txt (

-		call ..\..\build.bat %1 %2 %3

+		call ..\..\build.bat %1 %2

 	)

 	popd

 )

@@ -22,8 +21,7 @@ rem -----------------------------------------
 :syntax

 

 echo .

-echo SYNTAX: build [platform] [system] [compiler]

-echo platform ... win / lnx / mac

+echo SYNTAX: build [system] [compiler]

 echo system   ... pd / max

 echo compiler ... msvc / gcc / mingw / cygwin / bcc / icc

 echo .

diff --git a/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.sh b/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.sh
index 42968838..6ea19cb1 100644
--- a/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.sh
+++ b/externals/grill/flext/tutorial/build.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
 if 
-	[ -n "$1" -a -n "$2" -a -n "$3" ]
+	[ -n "$1" -a -n "$2" ]
 then 
 	# make config first
 	if
-		bash ../build.sh $1 $2 $3 config "PKGINFO="
+		bash ../build.sh $1 $2 config "PKGINFO=" "NAME=tutorial" "SRCS=\"\""
 	then
 		for i in * ; do
 			if [ -e $i/package.txt ] ; then
 				pushd $i
-				bash ../../build.sh $1 $2 $3
+				bash ../../build.sh $1 $2
 				popd
 			fi
 		done
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ then
 else
 	echo 
 	echo SYNTAX: build.sh [platform] [system] [compiler]
-	echo platform ... win / lnx / mac
 	echo system ..... pd / max
 	echo compiler ... msvc / gcc / mingw / cygwin / bcc / icc
 	echo