path: root/doc/pddp/trigger-help.pd

#N canvas 132 92 900 611 10;
#X obj 8 8 trigger;
#X text 19 222 As I see it \, the [trigger] object serves two great
purposes which aren't really related - but they might be on some level
that I don't fully understand yet.;
#X text 17 270 1 Sequence a series of bangs - or triggers for symbols
and/or other messages. In the example below \, you should see that
it is important that it is important that [metro] gets a tempo setting
before it is started - but let's assume for a moment that you wanted
to start the [metro] with only a single click.;
#X obj 21 473 metro;
#X msg 46 454 1000;
#X obj 21 493 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 21 396 tgl 15 0 empty empty On/Off 0 -6 0 7 -262144 -1 -1 0
1;
#X text 19 96 The [trigger] object can be abbreviated as "t" and the
creation arguments can be abbreviated as follows:;
#X obj 109 142 trigger float bang symbol list pointer anything;
#X text 210 161 is the same as;
#X obj 213 181 t f b s l p a;
#X obj 21 414 t f b;
#X text 22 518 This example is simple \, and may not be very practicle
in most situations \, but it clearly shows how [trigger] can be used
to create a simple sequence of events. It is important to note however
that the messages sent from [trigger]'s outlets occur in ZERO time
with no delay between the events...more at the top right of the page...
;
#X obj 459 86 t b b;
#X msg 459 67 bang;
#X obj 459 116 timer;
#X floatatom 459 136 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 431 26 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 431 592 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X text 493 67 Click here.;
#X text 499 133 Watch here.;
#X text 451 155 Now \, to prove that I'm not crazy...click here >;
#X obj 763 204 timer;
#X floatatom 763 225 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 790 182 delay 2000;
#X text 572 81 any delay between the first bang and the second bang
;
#X text 573 97 from the trigger.;
#X text 451 190 object to force a 2 second delay between the;
#X text 574 67 In this case \, the [timer] object does not perceive
;
#X text 444 283 2 Click this subpatch to read about [trigger]'s second
great purpose...;
#N canvas 148 22 927 612 trigger_can_convert_data_types 0;
#X msg 425 103 2.5;
#X msg 523 103 bang;
#X msg 465 103 23 64;
#X msg 569 103 symbol dog;
#X obj 425 228 trigger float bang symbol list anything;
#X text 24 24 All sophisticated programming environments provide tools
to convert data types. For instance \, Visual Basic has:;
#X text 24 55 - VarType: to check the data type.;
#X text 24 70 - CStr: to convert a variable to a string.;
#X text 23 84 - CDate: to convert a variable to a date.;
#X text 24 99 - isNumeric: to test whether the variable is a number.
;
#X text 22 113 - etc.;
#X text 19 137 [trigger] is one object in Pd which can convert an incoming
atom to a different type of atom.;
#X text 422 30 In the example below \, you can see that this [trigger]
has creation arguments which specify what data type the object should
output through each outlet. Messages which are sent to the first outlet
will be floats \; the second outlet will send bangs \; the third \,
symbols \; etc.;
#X text 19 172 To prove this \, click on each of the messages below
and watch your terminal window for the output.;
#X obj 20 239 t b;
#X msg 20 210 bang;
#X msg 57 210 1;
#X floatatom 90 212 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X msg 132 211 symbol cat;
#X msg 204 211 this is anything;
#X obj 20 259 print all_messages_are_converted_to_bangs;
#X text 20 292 Another example showing floats and symbols.;
#X msg 20 308 bang;
#X floatatom 90 310 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X msg 132 309 symbol cat;
#X msg 206 319 this is anything;
#X obj 20 337 t f s;
#X msg 57 308 1 0;
#X obj 45 387 print converted_to_symbols;
#X obj 20 407 print converted_to_floats;
#X text 62 338 Note that "this is anything" causes an error. That is
because 'anythings' don't conform to floats \, symbols \, lists \,
pointers. They can only be converted to "bang".;
#X text 18 430 In the example above \, note that the trigger object
does not split a list among the outlets like [unpack] does. Instead
it sends all list elements through all outlets and converts them as
necessary.;
#X text 20 486 Also note that some messages don't convert as nicely
as others. Hence \, the symbol "cat" converts to a ZERO when [trigger]
converts that symbol into a float. Likewise \, all numbers will convert
to a symbol called "float" when sent through [trigger]'s right-most
outlet.;
#X floatatom 425 248 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 482 248 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X symbolatom 539 286 10 0 0 0 - - -;
#X floatatom 594 162 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 594 200 pack f s;
#X msg 637 161 symbol earth;
#X msg 652 181 symbol jupiter;
#X obj 596 267 print a_list;
#X floatatom 426 403 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X symbolatom 470 403 10 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 514 421 print another_list;
#X text 630 131 Click on all these.;
#X obj 426 363 r anythings;
#X text 425 303 Note how each of the messages sent to this trigger
are converted appropriately for their receiving atoms boxes. Also note
that "anythings" are sent to the example below.;
#X text 430 447 I'e used the [route] object to show how "anythings"
are converted as they pass through the above [trigger]. Note that all
messages converted to floats are displayed here in the number box \,
all symbols are displayed in the symbol box \, and all lists are printed
to the terminal window.;
#X obj 654 247 s anythings;
#X obj 426 383 route float symbol list;
#X msg 642 103 symbol cat;
#X connect 0 0 4 0;
#X connect 1 0 4 0;
#X connect 2 0 4 0;
#X connect 3 0 4 0;
#X connect 4 0 33 0;
#X connect 4 1 34 0;
#X connect 4 2 35 0;
#X connect 4 3 40 0;
#X connect 4 4 48 0;
#X connect 14 0 20 0;
#X connect 15 0 14 0;
#X connect 16 0 14 0;
#X connect 17 0 14 0;
#X connect 18 0 14 0;
#X connect 19 0 14 0;
#X connect 22 0 26 0;
#X connect 23 0 26 0;
#X connect 24 0 26 0;
#X connect 25 0 26 0;
#X connect 26 0 29 0;
#X connect 26 1 28 0;
#X connect 27 0 26 0;
#X connect 36 0 37 0;
#X connect 37 0 4 0;
#X connect 38 0 37 1;
#X connect 39 0 37 1;
#X connect 45 0 49 0;
#X connect 49 0 41 0;
#X connect 49 1 42 0;
#X connect 49 2 43 0;
#X connect 50 0 4 0;
#X restore 450 317 pd trigger_can_convert_data_types;
#X obj 763 244 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X floatatom 847 162 5 0 0 0 - - -;
#X text 452 238 at the top-right to clearly see "logical time";
#X text 452 251 as measured by [timer].;
#X text 484 546 This document was updated for Pd version 0.35 test
26 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for Pd.;
#X text 447 370 RELATED OBJECTS;
#X obj 532 396 route;
#X obj 452 396 unpack;
#X obj 498 396 pack;
#X obj 573 396 delay;
#X obj 615 396 pipe;
#X obj 650 396 float;
#X obj 690 396 int;
#X obj 719 396 symbol;
#N canvas 0 22 456 306 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
#X obj 31 36 exciter 200 200 8 0.1 1 1;
#X text 26 77 These objects are offered in Pd only if you have downloaded
and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
may not exist in a single library.;
#X text 25 126 The best places to find information about Pd's libraries
is:;
#X text 22 148 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
;
#X text 24 163 or;
#X text 24 178 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
#X restore 452 427 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
#X text 447 455 MORE INFO;
#X obj 454 482 pddp/pddplink all_about_data_types.pd -text all_about_data_types;
#X obj 455 508 pddp/pddplink all_about_lists_vs_anythings.pd -text all_about_lists_vs_anythings;
#X obj 763 157 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X text 12 130 "float" = f;
#X text 12 142 "bang" = b;
#X text 11 154 "symbol" = s;
#X text 12 168 "list" = l;
#X text 12 196 "anything" = a;
#X text 12 182 "pointer" = p;
#X text 21 37 The [trigger] object outputs its input from right to
left \, converting to the types indicated by its creation arguments.
There is also a "pointer" argument type (see the [pointer] object.)
;
#X text 15 356 Click the toggle to set the tempo and start the [metro]
simultaneously.;
#X text 62 405 Triggers are sent from right to left...so our tempo
messages gets sent to [metro] immediately before the numbers from the
toggle to start and stop the [metro].;
#X text 457 32 Below is a simple structure which will measure the "logical
time" between "bangs" from the [trigger] object.;
#X text 452 176 In this case \, I've simply patched a [delay];
#X text 451 204 first and second "bangs" sent to the [timer].;
#X text 452 224 You can reset the [delay] with the number box;
#X text 68 7 - sequence messages in right-to-left order and convert
data;
#X text 485 7 types;
#N canvas 69 298 440 489 trigger 0;
#X obj 14 298 trigger anything bang float list pointer symbol;
#X obj 14 318 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 69 318 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 133 317 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 199 318 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 264 317 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 329 318 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 200 386 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 258 386 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 103 365 route float;
#X obj 103 385 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 167 385 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 312 388 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 376 388 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 17 385 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 74 385 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
-1;
#X obj 17 365 route bang;
#X obj 312 367 route symbol;
#X obj 200 366 route list;
#X msg 43 174 1 2 3;
#X msg 15 77 1;
#X msg 21 102 float 2;
#X msg 28 126 test;
#X msg 35 151 symbol this;
#X msg 57 220 list 1 two 3;
#X msg 66 267 list one 2 three;
#X obj 165 443 print LIST;
#X obj 81 443 print FLOAT;
#X msg 48 199 1 two 3;
#X msg 61 244 one 2 three;
#X text 18 16 "float" is interpreted;
#X text 19 36 "symbol" is not interpreted;
#X text 20 55 "list" is interpreted \, and outputted;
#X connect 0 0 1 0;
#X connect 0 1 2 0;
#X connect 0 1 16 0;
#X connect 0 2 3 0;
#X connect 0 2 9 0;
#X connect 0 2 27 0;
#X connect 0 3 4 0;
#X connect 0 3 18 0;
#X connect 0 3 26 0;
#X connect 0 4 5 0;
#X connect 0 5 6 0;
#X connect 0 5 17 0;
#X connect 9 0 10 0;
#X connect 9 1 11 0;
#X connect 16 0 14 0;
#X connect 16 1 15 0;
#X connect 17 0 12 0;
#X connect 17 1 13 0;
#X connect 18 0 7 0;
#X connect 18 1 8 0;
#X connect 19 0 0 0;
#X connect 20 0 0 0;
#X connect 21 0 0 0;
#X connect 22 0 0 0;
#X connect 23 0 0 0;
#X connect 24 0 0 0;
#X connect 25 0 0 0;
#X connect 28 0 0 0;
#X connect 29 0 0 0;
#X restore 450 342 pd trigger has a few odd conditions;
#X connect 3 0 5 0;
#X connect 4 0 3 1;
#X connect 6 0 11 0;
#X connect 11 0 3 0;
#X connect 11 1 4 0;
#X connect 13 0 15 1;
#X connect 13 1 15 0;
#X connect 14 0 13 0;
#X connect 15 0 16 0;
#X connect 17 0 18 0;
#X connect 22 0 23 0;
#X connect 23 0 31 0;
#X connect 24 0 22 1;
#X connect 32 0 24 1;
#X connect 49 0 24 0;
#X connect 49 0 22 0;