path: root/pd/src/m_class.c

/* Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Miller Puckette.
* For information on usage and redistribution, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL
* WARRANTIES, see the file, "LICENSE.txt," in this distribution.  */

#define PD_CLASS_DEF
#include "m_pd.h"
#include "m_imp.h"
#include "s_stuff.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#ifdef UNISTD
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef MSW
#include <io.h>
#endif

#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static t_symbol *class_loadsym;     /* name under which an extern is invoked */
static void pd_defaultfloat(t_pd *x, t_float f);
static void pd_defaultlist(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
t_pd pd_objectmaker;    /* factory for creating "object" boxes */
t_pd pd_canvasmaker;    /* factory for creating canvases */

static t_symbol *class_extern_dir = &s_;

static void pd_defaultanything(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv)
{
    pd_error(x, "%s: no method for '%s'", (*x)->c_name->s_name, s->s_name);
}

static void pd_defaultbang(t_pd *x)
{
    if (*(*x)->c_listmethod != pd_defaultlist)
        (*(*x)->c_listmethod)(x, 0, 0, 0);
    else (*(*x)->c_anymethod)(x, &s_bang, 0, 0);
}

static void pd_defaultpointer(t_pd *x, t_gpointer *gp)
{
    if (*(*x)->c_listmethod != pd_defaultlist)
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETPOINTER(&at, gp);
        (*(*x)->c_listmethod)(x, 0, 1, &at);
    }
    else
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETPOINTER(&at, gp);
        (*(*x)->c_anymethod)(x, &s_pointer, 1, &at);
    }
}

static void pd_defaultfloat(t_pd *x, t_float f)
{
    if (*(*x)->c_listmethod != pd_defaultlist)
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETFLOAT(&at, f);
        (*(*x)->c_listmethod)(x, 0, 1, &at);
    }
    else
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETFLOAT(&at, f);
        (*(*x)->c_anymethod)(x, &s_float, 1, &at);
    }
}

static void pd_defaultsymbol(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s)
{
    if (*(*x)->c_listmethod != pd_defaultlist)
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETSYMBOL(&at, s);
        (*(*x)->c_listmethod)(x, 0, 1, &at);
    }
    else
    {
        t_atom at;
        SETSYMBOL(&at, s);
        (*(*x)->c_anymethod)(x, &s_symbol, 1, &at);
    }
}

void obj_list(t_object *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
static void class_nosavefn(t_gobj *z, t_binbuf *b);

    /* handle "list" messages to Pds without explicit list methods defined. */
static void pd_defaultlist(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv)
{
            /* a list with no elements is handled by the 'bang' method if
            one exists. */
    if (argc == 0 && *(*x)->c_bangmethod != pd_defaultbang)
    {
        (*(*x)->c_bangmethod)(x);
        return;
    }
            /* a list with one element which is a number can be handled by a
            "float" method if any is defined; same for "symbol", "pointer". */
    if (argc == 1)
    {
        if (argv->a_type == A_FLOAT &&
        *(*x)->c_floatmethod != pd_defaultfloat)
        {
            (*(*x)->c_floatmethod)(x, argv->a_w.w_float);
            return;
        }
        else if (argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL &&
            *(*x)->c_symbolmethod != pd_defaultsymbol)
        {
            (*(*x)->c_symbolmethod)(x, argv->a_w.w_symbol);
            return;
        }
        else if (argv->a_type == A_POINTER &&
            *(*x)->c_pointermethod != pd_defaultpointer)
        {
            (*(*x)->c_pointermethod)(x, argv->a_w.w_gpointer);
            return;
        }
    }
        /* Next try for an "anything" method */
    if ((*x)->c_anymethod != pd_defaultanything)
        (*(*x)->c_anymethod)(x, &s_list, argc, argv);

        /* if the object is patchable (i.e., can have proper inlets)
            send it on to obj_list which will unpack the list into the inlets */
    else if ((*x)->c_patchable)
        obj_list((t_object *)x, s, argc, argv);
            /* otherwise gove up and complain. */
    else pd_defaultanything(x, &s_list, argc, argv);
}

    /* for now we assume that all "gobjs" are text unless explicitly
    overridden later by calling class_setbehavior().  I'm not sure
    how to deal with Pds that aren't gobjs; shouldn't there be a
    way to check that at run time?  Perhaps the presence of a "newmethod"
    should be our cue, or perhaps the "tiny" flag.  */

    /* another matter.  This routine does two unrelated things: it creates
    a Pd class, but also adds a "new" method to create an instance of it.
    These are combined for historical reasons and for brevity in writing
    objects.  To avoid adding a "new" method send a null function pointer.
    To add additional ones, use class_addcreator below.  Some "classes", like
    "select", are actually two classes of the same name, one for the single-
    argument form, one for the multiple one; see select_setup() to find out
    how this is handled.  */

extern t_widgetbehavior text_widgetbehavior;
extern void text_save(t_gobj *z, t_binbuf *b);

t_class *class_new(t_symbol *s, t_newmethod newmethod, t_method freemethod,
    size_t size, int flags, t_atomtype type1, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    t_atomtype vec[MAXPDARG+1], *vp = vec;
    int count = 0;
    t_class *c;
    int typeflag = flags & CLASS_TYPEMASK;
    if (!typeflag) typeflag = CLASS_PATCHABLE;
    *vp = type1;

    va_start(ap, type1);
    while (*vp)
    {
        if (count == MAXPDARG)
        {
            error("class %s: sorry: only %d creation args allowed",
                s->s_name, MAXPDARG);
            break;
        }
        vp++;
        count++;
        *vp = va_arg(ap, t_atomtype);
    }
    va_end(ap);
    if (pd_objectmaker && newmethod)
    {
            /* add a "new" method by the name specified by the object */
        class_addmethod(pd_objectmaker, (t_method)newmethod, s,
            vec[0], vec[1], vec[2], vec[3], vec[4], vec[5]);
        if (class_loadsym)
        {
                /* if we're loading an extern it might have been invoked by a
                longer file name; in this case, make this an admissible name
                too. */
            char *loadstring = class_loadsym->s_name,
                l1 = strlen(s->s_name), l2 = strlen(loadstring);
            if (l2 > l1 && !strcmp(s->s_name, loadstring + (l2 - l1)))
                class_addmethod(pd_objectmaker, (t_method)newmethod,
                    class_loadsym,
                    vec[0], vec[1], vec[2], vec[3], vec[4], vec[5]);
        }
    }
    c = (t_class *)t_getbytes(sizeof(*c));
    c->c_name = c->c_helpname = s;
    c->c_size = size;
    c->c_methods = t_getbytes(0);
    c->c_nmethod = 0;
    c->c_freemethod = (t_method)freemethod;
    c->c_bangmethod = pd_defaultbang;
    c->c_pointermethod = pd_defaultpointer;
    c->c_floatmethod = pd_defaultfloat;
    c->c_symbolmethod = pd_defaultsymbol;
    c->c_listmethod = pd_defaultlist;
    c->c_anymethod = pd_defaultanything;
    c->c_wb = (typeflag == CLASS_PATCHABLE ? &text_widgetbehavior : 0);
    c->c_pwb = 0;
    c->c_firstin = ((flags & CLASS_NOINLET) == 0);
    c->c_patchable = (typeflag == CLASS_PATCHABLE);
    c->c_gobj = (typeflag >= CLASS_GOBJ);
    c->c_drawcommand = 0;
    c->c_floatsignalin = 0;
    c->c_externdir = class_extern_dir;
    c->c_savefn = (typeflag == CLASS_PATCHABLE ? text_save : class_nosavefn);
#if 0 
    post("class: %s", c->c_name->s_name);
#endif
    return (c);
}

    /* add a creation method, which is a function that returns a Pd object
    suitable for putting in an object box.  We presume you've got a class it
    can belong to, but this won't be used until the newmethod is actually
    called back (and the new method explicitly takes care of this.) */

void class_addcreator(t_newmethod newmethod, t_symbol *s, 
    t_atomtype type1, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    t_atomtype vec[MAXPDARG+1], *vp = vec;
    int count = 0;
    *vp = type1;

    va_start(ap, type1);
    while (*vp)
    {
        if (count == MAXPDARG)
        {
            error("class %s: sorry: only %d creation args allowed",
                s->s_name, MAXPDARG);
            break;
        }
        vp++;
        count++;
        *vp = va_arg(ap, t_atomtype);
    } 
    va_end(ap);
    class_addmethod(pd_objectmaker, (t_method)newmethod, s,
        vec[0], vec[1], vec[2], vec[3], vec[4], vec[5]);
}

void class_addmethod(t_class *c, t_method fn, t_symbol *sel,
    t_atomtype arg1, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    t_methodentry *m;
    t_atomtype argtype = arg1;
    int nargs;
    
    va_start(ap, arg1);
        /* "signal" method specifies that we take audio signals but
        that we don't want automatic float to signal conversion.  This
        is obsolete; you should now use the CLASS_MAINSIGNALIN macro. */
    if (sel == &s_signal)
    {
        if (c->c_floatsignalin)
            post("warning: signal method overrides class_mainsignalin");
        c->c_floatsignalin = -1;
    }
        /* check for special cases.  "Pointer" is missing here so that
        pd_objectmaker's pointer method can be typechecked differently.  */
    if (sel == &s_bang)
    {
        if (argtype) goto phooey;
        class_addbang(c, fn);
    }
    else if (sel == &s_float)
    {
        if (argtype != A_FLOAT || va_arg(ap, t_atomtype)) goto phooey;
        class_doaddfloat(c, fn);
    }
    else if (sel == &s_symbol)
    {
        if (argtype != A_SYMBOL || va_arg(ap, t_atomtype)) goto phooey;
        class_addsymbol(c, fn);
    }
    else if (sel == &s_list)
    {
        if (argtype != A_GIMME) goto phooey;
        class_addlist(c, fn);
    }
    else if (sel == &s_anything)
    {
        if (argtype != A_GIMME) goto phooey;
        class_addanything(c, fn);
    }
    else
    {
        c->c_methods = t_resizebytes(c->c_methods,
            c->c_nmethod * sizeof(*c->c_methods),
            (c->c_nmethod + 1) * sizeof(*c->c_methods));
        m = c->c_methods +  c->c_nmethod;
        c->c_nmethod++;
        m->me_name = sel;
        m->me_fun = (t_gotfn)fn;
        nargs = 0;
        while (argtype != A_NULL && nargs < MAXPDARG)
        {
            m->me_arg[nargs++] = argtype;
            argtype = va_arg(ap, t_atomtype);
        }
        if (argtype != A_NULL)
            error("%s_%s: only 5 arguments are typecheckable; use A_GIMME",
                c->c_name->s_name, sel->s_name);
        va_end(ap);
        m->me_arg[nargs] = A_NULL;
    }
    return;
phooey:
    bug("class_addmethod: %s_%s: bad argument types\n",
        c->c_name->s_name, sel->s_name);
}

    /* Instead of these, see the "class_addfloat", etc.,  macros in m_pd.h */
void class_addbang(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_bangmethod = (t_bangmethod)fn;
}

void class_addpointer(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_pointermethod = (t_pointermethod)fn;
}

void class_doaddfloat(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_floatmethod = (t_floatmethod)fn;
}

void class_addsymbol(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_symbolmethod = (t_symbolmethod)fn;
}

void class_addlist(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_listmethod = (t_listmethod)fn;
}

void class_addanything(t_class *c, t_method fn)
{
    c->c_anymethod = (t_anymethod)fn;
}

void class_setwidget(t_class *c, t_widgetbehavior *w)
{
    c->c_wb = w;
}

void class_setparentwidget(t_class *c, t_parentwidgetbehavior *pw)
{
    c->c_pwb = pw;
}

char *class_getname(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_name->s_name);
}

char *class_gethelpname(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_helpname->s_name);
}

void class_sethelpsymbol(t_class *c, t_symbol *s)
{
    c->c_helpname = s;
}

t_parentwidgetbehavior *pd_getparentwidget(t_pd *x)
{
    return ((*x)->c_pwb);
}

void class_setdrawcommand(t_class *c)
{
    c->c_drawcommand = 1;
}

int class_isdrawcommand(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_drawcommand);
}

static void pd_floatforsignal(t_pd *x, t_float f)
{
    int offset = (*x)->c_floatsignalin;
    if (offset > 0)
        *(t_sample *)(((char *)x) + offset) = f;
    else
        pd_error(x, "%s: float unexpected for signal input",
            (*x)->c_name->s_name);
}

void class_domainsignalin(t_class *c, int onset)
{
    if (onset <= 0) onset = -1;
    else
    {
        if (c->c_floatmethod != pd_defaultfloat)
            post("warning: %s: float method overwritten", c->c_name->s_name);
        c->c_floatmethod = (t_floatmethod)pd_floatforsignal;
    }
    c->c_floatsignalin = onset;
}

void class_set_extern_dir(t_symbol *s)
{
    class_extern_dir = s;
}

char *class_gethelpdir(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_externdir->s_name);
}

static void class_nosavefn(t_gobj *z, t_binbuf *b)
{
    bug("save function called but not defined");
}

void class_setsavefn(t_class *c, t_savefn f)
{
    c->c_savefn = f;
}

t_savefn class_getsavefn(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_savefn);
}

void class_setpropertiesfn(t_class *c, t_propertiesfn f)
{
    c->c_propertiesfn = f;
}

t_propertiesfn class_getpropertiesfn(t_class *c)
{
    return (c->c_propertiesfn);
}

/* ---------------- the symbol table ------------------------ */

#define HASHSIZE 1024

static t_symbol *symhash[HASHSIZE];

t_symbol *dogensym(char *s, t_symbol *oldsym)
{
    t_symbol **sym1, *sym2;
    unsigned int hash1 = 0,  hash2 = 0;
    int length = 0;
    char *s2 = s;
    while (*s2)
    {
        hash1 += *s2;
        hash2 += hash1;
        length++;
        s2++;
    }
    sym1 = symhash + (hash2 & (HASHSIZE-1));
    while (sym2 = *sym1)
    {
        if (!strcmp(sym2->s_name, s)) return(sym2);
        sym1 = &sym2->s_next;
    }
    if (oldsym) sym2 = oldsym;
    else
    {
        sym2 = (t_symbol *)t_getbytes(sizeof(*sym2));
        sym2->s_name = t_getbytes(length+1);
        sym2->s_next = 0;
        sym2->s_thing = 0;
        strcpy(sym2->s_name, s);
    }
    *sym1 = sym2;
    return (sym2);
}

t_symbol *gensym(char *s)
{
    return(dogensym(s, 0));
}

static t_symbol *addfileextent(t_symbol *s)
{
    char namebuf[MAXPDSTRING], *str = s->s_name;
    int ln = strlen(str);
    if (!strcmp(str + ln - 3, ".pd")) return (s);
    strcpy(namebuf, str);
    strcpy(namebuf+ln, ".pd");
    return (gensym(namebuf));
}

static int tryingalready;

void canvas_popabstraction(t_canvas *x);
extern t_pd *newest;

t_symbol* pathsearch(t_symbol *s,char* ext);
int pd_setloadingabstraction(t_symbol *sym);


/* replace everything but [a-zA-Z0-9_] by "0x%x" */
static char*alternative_classname(char*classname)
{
  char *altname=(char*)getbytes(sizeof(char)*MAXPDSTRING);
  int count=0;
  int i=0;
  for(i=0; i<MAXPDSTRING; i++)
    altname[i]=0;
  i=0;
  while(*classname)
    {
      char c=*classname;
      if((c>=48 && c<=57)|| /* [0-9] */
         (c>=65 && c<=90)|| /* [A-Z] */
         (c>=97 && c<=122)||/* [a-z] */
         (c==95)) /* [_] */
        {
          altname[i]=c;
          i++;
        }
      else /* a "bad" character */
        {
          sprintf(altname+i, "0x%02x", c);
          i+=4;
          count++;
        }
      classname++;
    }
  if(count>0)return altname;
  /* seems like the given classname is fine as can be */
  freebytes(altname, sizeof(char)*MAXPDSTRING);
  return 0;
}


    /* this routine is called when a new "object" is requested whose class Pd
    doesn't know.  Pd tries to load it as an extern, then as an abstraction. */
void new_anything(void *dummy, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv)
{
    t_pd *current;
    t_symbol *dir = canvas_getcurrentdir();
    int fd;
    char dirbuf[MAXPDSTRING], *nameptr;
    char *altname=alternative_classname(s->s_name);
    if (tryingalready) return;
    newest = 0;
    class_loadsym = s;
    if (sys_load_lib(dir->s_name, s->s_name, altname))
    {
        tryingalready = 1;
        typedmess(dummy, s, argc, argv);
        tryingalready = 0;
        return;
    }
    class_loadsym = 0;
    current = s__X.s_thing;
    if ((fd = open_via_path(dir->s_name, s->s_name, ".pd",
        dirbuf, &nameptr, MAXPDSTRING, 0)) >= 0 ||
        (altname && (fd = open_via_path(dir->s_name, altname, ".pd",
              dirbuf, &nameptr, MAXPDSTRING, 0)) >= 0) ||
            (fd = open_via_path(dir->s_name, s->s_name, ".pat",
                dirbuf, &nameptr, MAXPDSTRING, 0)) >= 0)
    {
        close (fd);
        if (!pd_setloadingabstraction(s))
        {
            canvas_setargs(argc, argv);
            binbuf_evalfile(gensym(nameptr), gensym(dirbuf));
            if (s__X.s_thing != current)
                canvas_popabstraction((t_canvas *)(s__X.s_thing));
            canvas_setargs(0, 0);
        }
        else error("%s: can't load abstraction within itself\n", s->s_name);
    }
    else newest = 0;
}

t_symbol  s_pointer =   {"pointer", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_float =     {"float", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_symbol =    {"symbol", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_bang =      {"bang", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_list =      {"list", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_anything =  {"anything", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_signal =    {"signal", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s__N =        {"#N", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s__X =        {"#X", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_x =         {"x", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_y =         {"y", 0, 0};
t_symbol  s_ =          {"", 0, 0};

static t_symbol *symlist[] = { &s_pointer, &s_float, &s_symbol, &s_bang,
    &s_list, &s_anything, &s_signal, &s__N, &s__X, &s_x, &s_y, &s_};

void mess_init(void)
{
    t_symbol **sp;
    int i;

    if (pd_objectmaker) return;    
    for (i = sizeof(symlist)/sizeof(*symlist), sp = symlist; i--; sp++)
        (void) dogensym((*sp)->s_name, *sp);
    pd_objectmaker = class_new(gensym("objectmaker"), 0, 0, sizeof(t_pd),
        CLASS_DEFAULT, A_NULL);
    pd_canvasmaker = class_new(gensym("classmaker"), 0, 0, sizeof(t_pd),
        CLASS_DEFAULT, A_NULL);
    pd_bind(&pd_canvasmaker, &s__N);
    class_addanything(pd_objectmaker, (t_method)new_anything);
}

t_pd *newest;

/* This is externally available, but note that it might later disappear; the
whole "newest" thing is a hack which needs to be redesigned. */
t_pd *pd_newest(void)
{
    return (newest);
}

    /* horribly, we need prototypes for each of the artificial function
    calls in typedmess(), to keep the compiler quiet. */
typedef t_pd *(*t_newgimme)(t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
typedef void(*t_messgimme)(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);

typedef t_pd *(*t_fun0)(
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun1)(t_int i1,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun2)(t_int i1, t_int i2,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun3)(t_int i1, t_int i2, t_int i3,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun4)(t_int i1, t_int i2, t_int i3, t_int i4,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun5)(t_int i1, t_int i2, t_int i3, t_int i4, t_int i5,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);
typedef t_pd *(*t_fun6)(t_int i1, t_int i2, t_int i3, t_int i4, t_int i5, t_int i6,
    t_floatarg d1, t_floatarg d2, t_floatarg d3, t_floatarg d4, t_floatarg d5);

void pd_typedmess(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv)
{
    t_method *f;
    t_class *c = *x;
    t_methodentry *m;
    t_atomtype *wp, wanttype;
    int i;
    t_int ai[MAXPDARG+1], *ap = ai;
    t_floatarg ad[MAXPDARG+1], *dp = ad;
    int narg = 0;
    t_pd *bonzo;
    
        /* check for messages that are handled by fixed slots in the class
        structure.  We don't catch "pointer" though so that sending "pointer"
        to pd_objectmaker doesn't require that we supply a pointer value. */
    if (s == &s_float)
    {
        if (!argc) (*c->c_floatmethod)(x, 0.);
        else if (argv->a_type == A_FLOAT)
            (*c->c_floatmethod)(x, argv->a_w.w_float);
        else goto badarg;
        return;
    }
    if (s == &s_bang)
    {
        (*c->c_bangmethod)(x);
        return;
    }
    if (s == &s_list)
    {
        (*c->c_listmethod)(x, s, argc, argv);
        return;
    }
    if (s == &s_symbol)
    {
        if (argc && argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL)
            (*c->c_symbolmethod)(x, argv->a_w.w_symbol);
        else
            (*c->c_symbolmethod)(x, &s_);
        return;
    }
    for (i = c->c_nmethod, m = c->c_methods; i--; m++)
        if (m->me_name == s)
    {
        wp = m->me_arg;
        if (*wp == A_GIMME)
        {
            if (x == &pd_objectmaker)
                newest = (*((t_newgimme)(m->me_fun)))(s, argc, argv);
            else (*((t_messgimme)(m->me_fun)))(x, s, argc, argv);
            return;
        }
        if (argc > MAXPDARG) argc = MAXPDARG;
        if (x != &pd_objectmaker) *(ap++) = (t_int)x, narg++;
        while (wanttype = *wp++)
        {
            switch (wanttype)
            {
            case A_POINTER:
                if (!argc) goto badarg;
                else
                {
                    if (argv->a_type == A_POINTER)
                        *ap = (t_int)(argv->a_w.w_gpointer);
                    else goto badarg;
                    argc--;
                    argv++;
                }
                narg++;
                ap++;
                break;
            case A_FLOAT:
                if (!argc) goto badarg;
            case A_DEFFLOAT:
                if (!argc) *dp = 0;
                else
                {
                    if (argv->a_type == A_FLOAT)
                        *dp = argv->a_w.w_float;
                    else goto badarg;
                    argc--;
                    argv++;
                }
                dp++;
                break;
            case A_SYMBOL:
                if (!argc) goto badarg;
            case A_DEFSYM:
                if (!argc) *ap = (t_int)(&s_);
                else
                {
                    if (argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL)
                        *ap = (t_int)(argv->a_w.w_symbol);
                            /* if it's an unfilled "dollar" argument it appears
                            as zero here; cheat and bash it to the null
                            symbol.  Unfortunately, this lets real zeros
                            pass as symbols too, which seems wrong... */
                    else if (x == &pd_objectmaker && argv->a_type == A_FLOAT
                        && argv->a_w.w_float == 0)
                        *ap = (t_int)(&s_);
                    else goto badarg;
                    argc--;
                    argv++;
                }
                narg++;
                ap++;
            }
        }
        switch (narg)
        {
        case 0 : bonzo = (*(t_fun0)(m->me_fun))
            (ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 1 : bonzo = (*(t_fun1)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 2 : bonzo = (*(t_fun2)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ai[1], ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 3 : bonzo = (*(t_fun3)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ai[1], ai[2], ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 4 : bonzo = (*(t_fun4)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ai[1], ai[2], ai[3],
                ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 5 : bonzo = (*(t_fun5)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ai[1], ai[2], ai[3], ai[4],
                ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        case 6 : bonzo = (*(t_fun6)(m->me_fun))
            (ai[0], ai[1], ai[2], ai[3], ai[4], ai[5],
                ad[0], ad[1], ad[2], ad[3], ad[4]); break;
        default: bonzo = 0;
        }
        if (x == &pd_objectmaker)
            newest = bonzo;
        return;
    }
    (*c->c_anymethod)(x, s, argc, argv);
    return;
badarg:
    pd_error(x, "Bad arguments for message '%s' to object '%s'",
        s->s_name, c->c_name->s_name);
}

void pd_vmess(t_pd *x, t_symbol *sel, char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    t_atom arg[MAXPDARG], *at =arg;
    int nargs = 0;
    char *fp = fmt;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    while (1)
    {
        if (nargs > MAXPDARG)
        {
            pd_error(x, "pd_vmess: only %d allowed", MAXPDARG);
            break;
        }
        switch(*fp++)
        {
        case 'f': SETFLOAT(at, va_arg(ap, double)); break;
        case 's': SETSYMBOL(at, va_arg(ap, t_symbol *)); break;
        case 'i': SETFLOAT(at, va_arg(ap, t_int)); break;       
        case 'p': SETPOINTER(at, va_arg(ap, t_gpointer *)); break;
        default: goto done;
        }
        at++;
        nargs++;
    }
done:
    va_end(ap);
    typedmess(x, sel, nargs, arg);
}

void pd_forwardmess(t_pd *x, int argc, t_atom *argv)
{
    if (argc)
    {
        t_atomtype t = argv->a_type;
        if (t == A_SYMBOL) pd_typedmess(x, argv->a_w.w_symbol, argc-1, argv+1);
        else if (t == A_POINTER)
        {
            if (argc == 1) pd_pointer(x, argv->a_w.w_gpointer);
            else pd_list(x, &s_list, argc, argv);
        }
        else if (t == A_FLOAT)
        {
            if (argc == 1) pd_float(x, argv->a_w.w_float);
            else pd_list(x, &s_list, argc, argv);
        }
        else bug("pd_forwardmess");
    }

}

void nullfn(void) {}

t_gotfn getfn(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s)
{
    t_class *c = *x;
    t_methodentry *m;
    int i;

    for (i = c->c_nmethod, m = c->c_methods; i--; m++)
        if (m->me_name == s) return(m->me_fun);
    pd_error(x, "%s: no method for message '%s'", c->c_name->s_name, s->s_name);
    return((t_gotfn)nullfn);
}

t_gotfn zgetfn(t_pd *x, t_symbol *s)
{
    t_class *c = *x;
    t_methodentry *m;
    int i;

    for (i = c->c_nmethod, m = c->c_methods; i--; m++)
        if (m->me_name == s) return(m->me_fun);
    return(0);
}