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diff --git a/pd/portaudio_v18/pa_unix_oss/pa_unix_oss.c b/pd/portaudio_v18/pa_unix_oss/pa_unix_oss.c
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+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Linux OSS Implementation by douglas repetto and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* Modification history:
+   20020621: pa_unix_oss.c split into pa_unix.c, pa_unix.h, pa_unix_oss.c by
+       Augustus Saunders. See pa_unix.c for previous history. Pa_FlushStream
+       added by Augustus Saunders for Solaris compatibility.
+   PLB20021018 - Fill device info table with actual sample rates instead of wished for rates.
+               - Allow stream to open if sample rate within 10% of desired rate.
+   20030630 - Thomas Richter - eliminated unused variable warnings.
+*/
+
+#include "pa_unix.h"
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <linux/soundcard.h>
+#else
+#include <machine/soundcard.h> /* JH20010905 */
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef AFMT_S16_NE
+#define AFMT_S16_NE  Get_AFMT_S16_NE()
+/*********************************************************************
+ * Some versions of OSS do not define AFMT_S16_NE. So check CPU.
+ * PowerPC is Big Endian. X86 is Little Endian.
+ */
+int Get_AFMT_S16_NE( void )
+{
+    long testData = 1; 
+    char *ptr = (char *) &testData;
+    int isLittle = ( *ptr == 1 ); /* Does address point to least significant byte? */
+    return isLittle ? AFMT_S16_LE : AFMT_S16_BE;
+}
+#endif /* AFMT_S16_NE */
+
+
+/*********************************************************************
+ * Try to open the named device.
+ * If it opens, try to set various rates and formats and fill in 
+ * the device info structure.
+ */
+PaError Pa_QueryDevice( const char *deviceName, internalPortAudioDevice *pad )
+{
+    int result = paHostError;
+    int tempDevHandle;
+    int numChannels, maxNumChannels;
+    int format;
+    int numSampleRates;
+    int sampleRate;
+    int numRatesToTry;
+    int lastRate;
+    int ratesToTry[9] = {96000, 48000, 44100, 32000, 24000, 22050, 16000, 11025, 8000};
+    int i;
+
+    /* douglas:
+     we have to do this querying in a slightly different order. apparently
+     some sound cards will give you different info based on their settings. 
+     e.g. a card might give you stereo at 22kHz but only mono at 44kHz.
+     the correct order for OSS is: format, channels, sample rate
+     
+    */
+    if ( (tempDevHandle = open(deviceName,O_WRONLY|O_NONBLOCK))  == -1 )
+    {
+        DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: could not open %s\n", deviceName ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+
+    /*  Ask OSS what formats are supported by the hardware. */
+    pad->pad_Info.nativeSampleFormats = 0;
+
+    if (ioctl(tempDevHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_GETFMTS, &format) == -1)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_QueryDevice: could not get format info\n" ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    if( format & AFMT_U8 )     pad->pad_Info.nativeSampleFormats |= paUInt8;
+    if( format & AFMT_S16_NE ) pad->pad_Info.nativeSampleFormats |= paInt16;
+
+    /* Negotiate for the maximum number of channels for this device. PLB20010927
+     * Consider up to 16 as the upper number of channels.
+     * Variable numChannels should contain the actual upper limit after the call.
+     * Thanks to John Lazzaro and Heiko Purnhagen for suggestions.
+     */
+    maxNumChannels = 0;
+    for( numChannels = 1; numChannels <= 16; numChannels++ )
+    {
+        int temp = numChannels;
+        DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: use SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS, numChannels = %d\n", numChannels ))
+        if(ioctl(tempDevHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS, &temp) < 0 )
+        {
+            /* ioctl() failed so bail out if we already have stereo */
+            if( numChannels > 2 ) break;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* ioctl() worked but bail out if it does not support numChannels.
+             * We don't want to leave gaps in the numChannels supported.
+             */
+            if( (numChannels > 2) && (temp != numChannels) ) break;
+            DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: temp = %d\n", temp ))
+            if( temp > maxNumChannels ) maxNumChannels = temp; /* Save maximum. */
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* The above negotiation may fail for an old driver so try this older technique. */
+    if( maxNumChannels < 1 )
+    {
+        int stereo = 1;
+        if(ioctl(tempDevHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_STEREO, &stereo) < 0)
+        {
+            maxNumChannels = 1;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            maxNumChannels = (stereo) ? 2 : 1;
+        }
+        DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: use SNDCTL_DSP_STEREO, maxNumChannels = %d\n", maxNumChannels ))
+    }
+
+    pad->pad_Info.maxOutputChannels = maxNumChannels;
+    DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: maxNumChannels = %d\n", maxNumChannels))
+
+    /* During channel negotiation, the last ioctl() may have failed. This can
+     * also cause sample rate negotiation to fail. Hence the following, to return
+     * to a supported number of channels. SG20011005 */
+    {
+        int temp = maxNumChannels;
+        if( temp > 2 ) temp = 2; /* use most reasonable default value */
+        ioctl(tempDevHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS, &temp);
+    }
+
+    /* FIXME - for now, assume maxInputChannels = maxOutputChannels.
+     *    Eventually do separate queries for O_WRONLY and O_RDONLY
+    */
+    pad->pad_Info.maxInputChannels = pad->pad_Info.maxOutputChannels;
+
+    DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: maxInputChannels = %d\n",
+          pad->pad_Info.maxInputChannels))
+
+
+    /* Determine available sample rates by trying each one and seeing result.
+     * OSS often supports funky rates such as 44188 instead of 44100!
+     */
+    numSampleRates = 0;
+    lastRate = 0;
+    numRatesToTry = sizeof(ratesToTry)/sizeof(int);
+    for (i = 0; i < numRatesToTry; i++)
+    {
+        sampleRate = ratesToTry[i];
+
+        if (ioctl(tempDevHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED, &sampleRate) >= 0 ) /* PLB20010817 */
+        {
+            /* Use whatever rate OSS tells us. PLB20021018 */
+            if (sampleRate != lastRate)
+            {
+                DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: adding sample rate: %d\n", sampleRate))
+                pad->pad_SampleRates[numSampleRates] = (float)sampleRate;
+                numSampleRates++;
+                lastRate = sampleRate;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: dang - got sample rate %d again!\n", sampleRate))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    DBUG(("Pa_QueryDevice: final numSampleRates = %d\n", numSampleRates))
+    if (numSampleRates==0)   /* HP20010922 */
+    {
+        /* Desparate attempt to keep running even though no good rates found! */
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_QueryDevice: no supported sample rate (or SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED ioctl call failed). Force 44100 Hz\n" ));
+        pad->pad_SampleRates[numSampleRates++] = 44100;
+    }
+
+    pad->pad_Info.numSampleRates = numSampleRates;
+    pad->pad_Info.sampleRates = pad->pad_SampleRates; /* use pointer to embedded array */
+
+    pad->pad_Info.name = deviceName;
+
+    result = paNoError;
+
+error:
+    /* We MUST close the handle here or we won't be able to reopen it later!!!  */
+    close(tempDevHandle);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************************/
+PaError Pa_SetupDeviceFormat( int devHandle, int numChannels, int sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int     tmp;
+
+    /* Set format, channels, and rate in this order to keep OSS happy. */
+    /* Set data format. FIXME - handle more native formats. */
+    tmp = AFMT_S16_NE;
+    if( ioctl(devHandle,SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT,&tmp) == -1)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: could not SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT\n" ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+    if( tmp != AFMT_S16_NE )
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: HW does not support AFMT_S16_NE\n" ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Set number of channels. */
+    tmp = numChannels;
+    if (ioctl(devHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS, &numChannels) == -1)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: could not SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS\n" ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+    if( tmp != numChannels)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: HW does not support %d channels\n", numChannels ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+
+    /* Set playing frequency. */
+    tmp = sampleRate;
+    if( ioctl(devHandle,SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED,&tmp) == -1)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: could not SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED\n" ));
+        return paHostError;
+    }
+    else if( tmp != sampleRate )
+    {
+        int percentError = abs( (100 * (sampleRate - tmp)) / sampleRate );
+        PRINT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: warning - requested sample rate = %d Hz - closest = %d\n",
+            sampleRate, tmp ));
+        /* Allow sample rate within 10% off of requested rate. PLB20021018
+        * Sometimes OSS uses a funky rate like 44188 instead of 44100.
+        */
+        if( percentError > 10 )
+        {
+            ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetupDeviceFormat: HW does not support %d Hz sample rate\n",sampleRate ));
+           return paHostError;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError Pa_SetupOutputDeviceFormat( int devHandle, int numChannels, int sampleRate )
+{
+  return Pa_SetupDeviceFormat(devHandle, numChannels, sampleRate);
+}
+
+PaError Pa_SetupInputDeviceFormat( int devHandle, int numChannels, int sampleRate )
+{
+  return Pa_SetupDeviceFormat(devHandle, numChannels, sampleRate);
+}
+
+
+/*******************************************************************************************
+** Set number of fragments and size of fragments to achieve desired latency.
+*/
+
+static int CalcHigherLogTwo( int n )
+{
+    int log2 = 0;
+    while( (1<<log2) < n ) log2++;
+    return log2;
+}
+
+void Pa_SetLatency( int devHandle, int numBuffers, int framesPerBuffer, int channelsPerFrame  )
+{
+    int     tmp;
+    int     bufferSize, powerOfTwo;
+
+    /* Increase size of buffers and reduce number of buffers to reduce latency inside driver. */
+    while( numBuffers > 8 )
+    {
+        numBuffers = (numBuffers + 1) >> 1;
+        framesPerBuffer = framesPerBuffer << 1;
+    }
+
+    /* calculate size of buffers in bytes */
+    bufferSize = framesPerBuffer * channelsPerFrame * sizeof(short); /* FIXME - other sizes? */
+
+    /* Calculate next largest power of two */
+    powerOfTwo = CalcHigherLogTwo( bufferSize );
+    DBUG(("Pa_SetLatency: numBuffers = %d, framesPerBuffer = %d, powerOfTwo = %d\n",
+          numBuffers, framesPerBuffer, powerOfTwo ));
+
+    /* Encode info into a single int */
+    tmp=(numBuffers<<16) + powerOfTwo;
+
+    if(ioctl(devHandle,SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT,&tmp) == -1)
+    {
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetLatency: could not SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT\n" ));
+        /* Don't return an error. Best to just continue and hope for the best. */
+        ERR_RPT(("Pa_SetLatency: numBuffers = %d, framesPerBuffer = %d, powerOfTwo = %d\n",
+                 numBuffers, framesPerBuffer, powerOfTwo ));
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************/
+PaTimestamp Pa_StreamTime( PortAudioStream *stream )
+{
+    internalPortAudioStream *past = (internalPortAudioStream *) stream;
+    PaHostSoundControl *pahsc;
+
+    count_info    info;
+    int           delta;
+
+    if( past == NULL ) return paBadStreamPtr;
+    
+    pahsc = (PaHostSoundControl *) past->past_DeviceData;
+
+    if( pahsc->pahsc_NativeOutputBuffer )
+    {
+       ioctl(pahsc->pahsc_OutputHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_GETOPTR, &info);
+       delta = (info.bytes - pahsc->pahsc_LastPosPtr) & 0x000FFFFF;
+       return (pahsc->pahsc_LastStreamBytes + delta) / (past->past_NumOutputChannels * sizeof(short));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+       ioctl(pahsc->pahsc_InputHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_GETIPTR, &info);
+       delta = (info.bytes - pahsc->pahsc_LastPosPtr) & 0x000FFFFF;
+       return (pahsc->pahsc_LastStreamBytes + delta) / (past->past_NumInputChannels * sizeof(short));
+    }
+}
+
+void Pa_UpdateStreamTime(PaHostSoundControl *pahsc)
+{
+    count_info   info;
+    int          delta;
+
+  /* Update current stream time (using a double so that
+     we don't wrap around like info.bytes does) */
+  if( pahsc->pahsc_NativeOutputBuffer )
+  {
+    ioctl(pahsc->pahsc_OutputHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_GETOPTR, &info);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    ioctl(pahsc->pahsc_InputHandle, SNDCTL_DSP_GETIPTR, &info);
+  }
+  delta = (info.bytes - pahsc->pahsc_LastPosPtr) & 0x000FFFFF;
+  pahsc->pahsc_LastStreamBytes += delta;
+  pahsc->pahsc_LastPosPtr = info.bytes;
+}
+
+PaError Pa_FlushStream(int devHandle)
+{
+  /* AS: This doesn't do anything under OSS; it was added for Solaris.*/
+  devHandle = devHandle; /* unused */
+  return paNoError;
+}