aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/desiredata/src/d_soundfile.c
blob: 3597b4f5139ac563c839f35ec96d6f8de5529c7a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
/* Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Miller Puckette.
* For information on usage and redistribution, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL
* WARRANTIES, see the file, "LICENSE.txt," in this distribution.  */

/* this file contains, first, a collection of soundfile access routines, a
sort of soundfile library.  Second, the "soundfiler" object is defined which
uses the routines to read or write soundfiles, synchronously, from garrays.
These operations are not to be done in "real time" as they may have to wait
for disk accesses (even the write routine.)  Finally, the realtime objects
readsf~ and writesf~ are defined which confine disk operations to a separate
thread so that they can be used in real time.  The readsf~ and writesf~
objects use Posix-like threads.  */

/* threaded soundfiler by Tim Blechmann */
// #define THREADED_SF

#ifndef MSW
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#include <pthread.h>
#ifdef MSW
#include <io.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define PD_PLUSPLUS_FACE
#include "desire.h"
using namespace desire;
#define a_symbol a_w.w_symbol
#define a_float a_w.w_float

#define MAXSFCHANS 64

#ifdef _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
# define open open64
# define lseek lseek64
#endif

#if 0
static bool debug=0;
#endif

#define EAT_ARG(ATYPE,VAR) if (argc<1 || argv->a_type != ATYPE) goto usage; else {VAR = *argv++; argc--;}

/***************** soundfile header structures ************************/

typedef unsigned short uint16;
typedef unsigned int uint32; /* long isn't 32-bit on amd64 */

#define FORMAT_WAVE 0
#define FORMAT_AIFF 1
#define FORMAT_NEXT 2

/* the NeXTStep sound header structure; can be big or little endian  */

struct t_nextstep {
    char fileid[4];   /* magic number '.snd' if file is big-endian */
    uint32 onset;        /* byte offset of first sample */
    uint32 length;       /* length of sound in bytes */
    uint32 format;       /* format; see below */
    uint32 sr;           /* sample rate */
    uint32 nchans;       /* number of channels */
    char info[4];        /* comment */
};

#define NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_16     3
#define NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_24     4
#define NS_FORMAT_FLOAT         6
#define SCALE (1./(1024. * 1024. * 1024. * 2.))

/* the WAVE header.  All Wave files are little endian.  We assume
    the "fmt" chunk comes first which is usually the case but perhaps not
    always; same for AIFF and the "COMM" chunk.   */

struct t_wave {
    char  fileid[4];        /* chunk id 'RIFF'            */
    uint32 chunksize;       /* chunk size                 */
    char  waveid[4];        /* wave chunk id 'WAVE'       */
    char  fmtid[4];         /* format chunk id 'fmt '     */
    uint32 fmtchunksize;    /* format chunk size          */
    uint16  fmttag;         /* format tag (WAV_INT etc)   */
    uint16  nchannels;      /* number of channels         */
    uint32 samplespersec;   /* sample rate in hz          */
    uint32 navgbytespersec; /* average bytes per second   */
    uint16  nblockalign;    /* number of bytes per frame  */
    uint16  nbitspersample; /* number of bits in a sample */
    char  datachunkid[4];   /* data chunk id 'data'       */
    uint32 datachunksize;   /* length of data chunk       */
};

struct t_fmt { /* format chunk */
    uint16 fmttag;          /* format tag, 1 for PCM      */
    uint16 nchannels;       /* number of channels         */
    uint32 samplespersec;   /* sample rate in hz          */
    uint32 navgbytespersec; /* average bytes per second   */
    uint16 nblockalign;     /* number of bytes per frame  */
    uint16 nbitspersample;  /* number of bits in a sample */
};

struct t_wavechunk { /* ... and the last two items */
    char  id[4];            /* data chunk id, e.g., 'data' or 'fmt ' */
    uint32 size;            /* length of data chunk       */
};

#define WAV_INT 1
#define WAV_FLOAT 3

typedef unsigned char byte;

/* the AIFF header.  I'm assuming AIFC is compatible but don't really know that. */

struct t_datachunk {
    char  id[4];        // data chunk id 'SSND'
    uint32 size;        // length of data chunk
    uint32 offset;      // additional offset in bytes
    uint32 block;       // block size
};

struct t_comm {
    uint16 nchannels;   // number of channels
    uint16 nframeshi;   // # of sample frames (hi)
    uint16 nframeslo;   // # of sample frames (lo)
    uint16 bitspersamp; // bits per sample
    byte   samprate[10];// sample rate, 80-bit float!
};

/* this version is more convenient for writing them out: */
struct t_aiff {
    char   fileid[4];    // chunk id 'FORM'
    uint32 chunksize;    // chunk size
    char   aiffid[4];    // aiff chunk id 'AIFF'
    char   fmtid[4];     // format chunk id 'COMM'
    uint32 fmtchunksize; // format chunk size, 18
    uint16 nchannels;    // number of channels
    uint16 nframeshi;    // # of sample frames (hi)
    uint16 nframeslo;    // # of sample frames (lo)
    uint16 bitspersamp;  // bits per sample
    byte   samprate[10]; // sample rate, 80-bit float!
};

struct t_param {
    int bytespersample;
    int bigendian;
    int nchannels;
    long bytelimit;
    int bytesperchannel() {return bytespersample * nchannels;}
};

#define AIFFHDRSIZE 38      /* probably not what sizeof() gives */
#define AIFFPLUS (AIFFHDRSIZE + 16)  /* header size including SSND chunk hdr */
#define WHDR1 sizeof(t_nextstep)
#define WHDR2 (sizeof(t_wave) > WHDR1 ? sizeof (t_wave) : WHDR1)
#define WRITEHDRSIZE (AIFFPLUS > WHDR2 ? AIFFPLUS : WHDR2)
#define READHDRSIZE (16 > WHDR2 + 2 ? 16 : WHDR2 + 2)

#ifdef MSW
#include <fcntl.h>
#define BINCREATE (_O_WRONLY | _O_CREAT | _O_TRUNC | _O_BINARY)
#else
#define BINCREATE (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC)
#endif

/* this routine returns 1 if the high order byte comes at the lower
address on our architecture (big-endianness.).  It's 1 for Motorola, 0 for Intel: */

extern int garray_ambigendian();

/* byte swappers */

static uint32 swap4(uint32 n, int doit) {
    if (doit) return ((n & 0xff) << 24) | ((n & 0xff00) << 8) | ((n & 0xff0000) >> 8) | ((n & 0xff000000) >> 24);
    else return n;
}

static uint16 swap2(uint32 n, int doit) {
    if (doit) return ((n & 0xff) << 8) | ((n & 0xff00) >> 8);
    else return n;
}

static void swapstring(char *foo, int doit) {
    if (doit) {
        char a = foo[0], b = foo[1], c = foo[2], d = foo[3];
        foo[0] = d; foo[1] = c; foo[2] = b; foo[3] = a;
    }
}

/******************** soundfile access routines **********************/
/* This routine opens a file, looks for either a nextstep or "wave" header,
* seeks to end of it, and fills in bytes per sample and number of channels.
* Only 2- and 3-byte fixed-point samples and 4-byte floating point samples
* are supported.  If "headersize" is nonzero, the
* caller should supply the number of channels, endinanness, and bytes per
* sample; the header is ignored.  Otherwise, the routine tries to read the
* header and fill in the properties.
*/

int open_soundfile_via_fd(int fd, int headersize, t_param *p, long skipframes) {
    int swap, sysrtn;
    errno = 0;
    t_param q;
    q.bytelimit = 0x7fffffff;
    if (headersize >= 0) { /* header detection overridden */
        q = *p;
    } else {
        char buf[MAXPDSTRING];
        int bytesread = read(fd, buf, READHDRSIZE);
        int format;
        if (bytesread < 4) goto badheader;
        if      (!strncmp(buf, ".snd", 4)) {format = FORMAT_NEXT; q.bigendian = 1;}
        else if (!strncmp(buf, "dns.", 4)) {format = FORMAT_NEXT; q.bigendian = 0;}
        else if (!strncmp(buf, "RIFF", 4)) {
            if (bytesread < 12 || strncmp(buf + 8, "WAVE", 4)) goto badheader;
            format = FORMAT_WAVE; q.bigendian = 0;
        }
        else if (!strncmp(buf, "FORM", 4)) {
            if (bytesread < 12 || strncmp(buf + 8, "AIFF", 4)) goto badheader;
            format = FORMAT_AIFF; q.bigendian = 1;
        } else goto badheader;
        swap = (q.bigendian != garray_ambigendian());
        if (format == FORMAT_NEXT) {  /* nextstep header */
            if (bytesread < (int)sizeof(t_nextstep)) goto badheader;
            q.nchannels = swap4(((t_nextstep *)buf)->nchans, swap);
            format      = swap4(((t_nextstep *)buf)->format, swap);
            headersize  = swap4(((t_nextstep *)buf)->onset,  swap);
            if      (format == NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_16) q.bytespersample = 2;
            else if (format == NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_24) q.bytespersample = 3;
            else if (format == NS_FORMAT_FLOAT)     q.bytespersample = 4;
            else goto badheader;
            q.bytelimit = 0x7fffffff;
        } else if (format == FORMAT_WAVE) {    /* wave header */
            /* This is awful.  You have to skip over chunks,
               except that if one happens to be a "fmt" chunk, you want to
               find out the format from that one.  The case where the
               "fmt" chunk comes after the audio isn't handled. */
            headersize = 12;
            if (bytesread < 20) goto badheader;
            /* First we guess a number of channels, etc., in case there's
               no "fmt" chunk to follow. */
            q.nchannels = 1;
            q.bytespersample = 2;
            /* copy the first chunk header to beginnning of buffer. */
            memcpy(buf, buf + headersize, sizeof(t_wavechunk));
            /* read chunks in loop until we get to the data chunk */
            while (strncmp(((t_wavechunk *)buf)->id, "data", 4)) {
                long chunksize = swap4(((t_wavechunk *)buf)->size, swap), seekto = headersize + chunksize + 8, seekout;
                if (!strncmp(((t_wavechunk *)buf)->id, "fmt ", 4)) {
                    long commblockonset = headersize + 8;
                    seekout = lseek(fd, commblockonset, SEEK_SET);
                    if (seekout != commblockonset) goto badheader;
                    if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(t_fmt)) < (int) sizeof(t_fmt)) goto badheader;
                    q.nchannels = swap2(((t_fmt *)buf)->nchannels, swap);
                    format = swap2(((t_fmt *)buf)->nbitspersample, swap);
                    if (format == 16)      q.bytespersample = 2;
                    else if (format == 24) q.bytespersample = 3;
                    else if (format == 32) q.bytespersample = 4;
                    else goto badheader;
                }
                seekout = lseek(fd, seekto, SEEK_SET);
                if (seekout != seekto) goto badheader;
                if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(t_wavechunk)) < (int) sizeof(t_wavechunk)) goto badheader;
                headersize = seekto;
            }
            q.bytelimit = swap4(((t_wavechunk *)buf)->size, swap);
            headersize += 8;
        } else {
            /* AIFF.  same as WAVE; actually predates it.  Disgusting. */
            headersize = 12;
            if (bytesread < 20) goto badheader;
            /* First we guess a number of channels, etc., in case there's no COMM block to follow. */
            q.nchannels = 1;
            q.bytespersample = 2;
            /* copy the first chunk header to beginnning of buffer. */
            memcpy(buf, buf + headersize, sizeof(t_datachunk));
            /* read chunks in loop until we get to the data chunk */
            while (strncmp(((t_datachunk *)buf)->id, "SSND", 4)) {
                long chunksize = swap4(((t_datachunk *)buf)->size, swap), seekto = headersize + chunksize + 8, seekout;
                if (!strncmp(((t_datachunk *)buf)->id, "COMM", 4)) {
                    long commblockonset = headersize + 8;
                    seekout = lseek(fd, commblockonset, SEEK_SET);
                    if (seekout != commblockonset) goto badheader;
                    if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(t_comm)) < (int) sizeof(t_comm)) goto badheader;
                    q.nchannels = swap2(((t_comm *)buf)->nchannels, swap);
                    format = swap2(((t_comm *)buf)->bitspersamp, swap);
                    if      (format == 16) q.bytespersample = 2;
                    else if (format == 24) q.bytespersample = 3;
                    else goto badheader;
                }
                seekout = lseek(fd, seekto, SEEK_SET);
                if (seekout != seekto) goto badheader;
                if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(t_datachunk)) < (int) sizeof(t_datachunk)) goto badheader;
                headersize = seekto;
            }
            q.bytelimit = swap4(((t_datachunk *)buf)->size, swap);
            headersize += 8;
        }
    }
    /* seek past header and any sample frames to skip */
    sysrtn = lseek(fd, q.bytesperchannel() * skipframes + headersize, 0);
    if (sysrtn != q.bytesperchannel() * skipframes + headersize) return -1;
    q.bytelimit -= q.bytesperchannel() * skipframes;
    if (q.bytelimit < 0) q.bytelimit = 0;
    *p = q;
    return fd;
badheader:
    /* the header wasn't recognized.  We're threadable here so let's not print out the error... */
    errno = EIO;
    return -1;
}

/* open a soundfile, using open_via_path().  This is used by readsf~ in
   a not-perfectly-threadsafe way.  LATER replace with a thread-hardened version of open_soundfile_via_canvas() */
static int open_soundfile(const char *dirname, const char *filename, int headersize, t_param *p, long skipframes) {
    char *buf, *bufptr;
    int fd = open_via_path2(dirname, filename, "", &buf, &bufptr, 1);
    if (fd < 0) return -1;
    free(buf);
    return open_soundfile_via_fd(fd, headersize, p, skipframes);
}

/* open a soundfile, using open_via_canvas().  This is used by readsf~ in
   a not-perfectly-threadsafe way.  LATER replace with a thread-hardened version of open_soundfile_via_canvas() */
static int open_soundfile_via_canvas(t_canvas *canvas, const char *filename, int headersize, t_param *p, long skipframes) {
    char *buf, *bufptr;
    int fd = canvas_open2(canvas, filename, "", &buf, &bufptr, 1);
    if (fd < 0) return -1;
    free(buf);
    return open_soundfile_via_fd(fd, headersize, p, skipframes);
}

static void soundfile_xferin(int sfchannels, int nvecs, float **vecs,
    long itemsread, unsigned char *buf, int nitems, int bytespersample, int bigendian) {
    unsigned char *sp, *sp2;
    int nchannels = (sfchannels < nvecs ? sfchannels : nvecs);
    int bytesperframe = bytespersample * sfchannels;
    sp = buf;
    for (int i=0; i < nchannels; i++, sp += bytespersample) {
        int j;
        sp2=sp;
        float *fp=vecs[i] + itemsread;
	#define LOOP for (j=0; j<nitems; j++, sp2 += bytesperframe, fp++)
        if (bytespersample == 2) {
            if (bigendian) LOOP {*fp = SCALE * ((sp2[0]<<24) | (sp2[1]<<16));}
            else           LOOP {*fp = SCALE * ((sp2[1]<<24) | (sp2[0]<<16));}
        } else if (bytespersample == 3) {
            if (bigendian) LOOP {*fp = SCALE * ((sp2[0]<<24) | (sp2[1]<<16) | (sp2[2]<<8));}
            else           LOOP {*fp = SCALE * ((sp2[2]<<24) | (sp2[1]<<16) | (sp2[0]<<8));}
        } else if (bytespersample == 4) {
            if (bigendian) LOOP {*(long *)fp = (sp2[0]<<24) | (sp2[1]<<16) | (sp2[2]<<8) | sp2[3];}
            else           LOOP {*(long *)fp = (sp2[3]<<24) | (sp2[2]<<16) | (sp2[1]<<8) | sp2[0];}
        }
	#undef LOOP
    }
    /* zero out other outputs */
    for (int i=sfchannels; i < nvecs; i++) {
        float *fp=vecs[i];
        for (int j=nitems; j--; ) *fp++ = 0;
    }
}

/* soundfiler_write ...
   usage: write [flags] filename table ...
   flags: -nframes <frames> -skip <frames> -bytes <bytes per sample> -normalize -nextstep -wave -big -little
    the routine which actually does the work should LATER also be called from garray_write16.
    Parse arguments for writing.  The "obj" argument is only for flagging
    errors.  For streaming to a file the "normalize", "onset" and "nframes"
    arguments shouldn't be set but the calling routine flags this. */
static int soundfiler_writeargparse(void *obj, int *p_argc, t_atom **p_argv, t_symbol **p_filesym,
int *p_filetype, int *p_bytespersamp, int *p_swap, int *p_bigendian,
int *p_normalize, long *p_onset, long *p_nframes, float *p_rate) {
    int argc = *p_argc;
    t_atom *argv = *p_argv;
    int bytespersample = 2, bigendian = 0, endianness = -1, swap, filetype = -1, normalize = 0;
    long onset = 0, nframes = 0x7fffffff;
    t_symbol *filesym;
    float rate = -1;
    while (argc > 0 && argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL && *argv->a_symbol->name == '-') {
        char *flag = argv->a_symbol->name + 1;
	argc--; argv++;
        if (!strcmp(flag, "skip")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,onset); if (onset<0) goto usage;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "nframes")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,nframes); if (nframes<0) goto usage;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "bytes")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,bytespersample); if (bytespersample<2 || bytespersample>4) goto usage;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "normalize")) {normalize = 1;
	} else if (!strcmp(flag, "wave"))      {filetype = FORMAT_WAVE;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "nextstep"))  {filetype = FORMAT_NEXT;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "aiff"))      {filetype = FORMAT_AIFF;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "big"))       {endianness = 1;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "little"))    {endianness = 0;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "r") || !strcmp(flag, "rate")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,rate); if (rate<0) goto usage;
        } else goto usage;
    }
    if (!argc || argv->a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
    filesym = argv->a_symbol;
    /* check if format not specified and fill in */
    if (filetype < 0) {
	const char *s = filesym->name + strlen(filesym->name);
        if (strlen(filesym->name) >= 5 && !strcasecmp(s-4, ".aif" )) filetype = FORMAT_AIFF;
        if (strlen(filesym->name) >= 6 && !strcasecmp(s-5, ".aiff")) filetype = FORMAT_AIFF;
        if (strlen(filesym->name) >= 5 && !strcasecmp(s-4, ".snd" )) filetype = FORMAT_NEXT;
        if (strlen(filesym->name) >= 4 && !strcasecmp(s-3, ".au"  )) filetype = FORMAT_NEXT;
        if (filetype < 0) filetype = FORMAT_WAVE;
    }
    /* don't handle AIFF floating point samples */
    if (bytespersample == 4) {
        if (filetype == FORMAT_AIFF) {
            error("AIFF floating-point file format unavailable");
            goto usage;
        }
    }
    /* for WAVE force little endian; for nextstep use machine native */
    if (filetype == FORMAT_WAVE) {
        bigendian = 0;
        if (endianness == 1) error("WAVE file forced to little endian");
    } else if (filetype == FORMAT_AIFF) {
        bigendian = 1;
        if (endianness == 0) error("AIFF file forced to big endian");
    } else if (endianness == -1) {
        bigendian = garray_ambigendian();
    } else bigendian = endianness;
    swap = (bigendian != garray_ambigendian());
    argc--; argv++;
    *p_argc = argc;
    *p_argv = argv;
    *p_filesym = filesym;
    *p_filetype = filetype;
    *p_bytespersamp = bytespersample;
    *p_swap = swap;
    *p_normalize = normalize;
    *p_onset = onset;
    *p_nframes = nframes;
    *p_bigendian = bigendian;
    *p_rate = rate;
    return 0;
usage:
    return -1;
}

static bool strcaseends(const char *a, const char *b) {return strcasecmp(a+strlen(a)-strlen(b),b)==0;}

static int create_soundfile(t_canvas *canvas, const char *filename, int filetype, int nframes, int bytespersample,
int bigendian, int nchannels, int swap, float samplerate) {
    char filenamebuf[strlen(filename)+10];
    char headerbuf[WRITEHDRSIZE];
    int fd, headersize = 0;
    strcpy(filenamebuf, filename);
    if (filetype == FORMAT_NEXT) {
        t_nextstep *nexthdr = (t_nextstep *)headerbuf;
        if (!strcaseends(filenamebuf,".snd")) strcat(filenamebuf, ".snd");
        if (bigendian) strncpy(nexthdr->fileid, bigendian?".snd":"dns.", 4);
        nexthdr->onset = swap4(sizeof(*nexthdr), swap);
        nexthdr->length = 0;
        nexthdr->format = swap4(bytespersample == 3 ? NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_24 : bytespersample == 4 ? NS_FORMAT_FLOAT : NS_FORMAT_LINEAR_16, swap);
        nexthdr->sr = swap4((size_t)samplerate, swap);
        nexthdr->nchans = swap4((size_t)nchannels, swap);
        strcpy(nexthdr->info, "Pd ");
        swapstring(nexthdr->info, swap);
        headersize = sizeof(t_nextstep);
    } else if (filetype == FORMAT_AIFF) {
        long datasize = nframes * nchannels * bytespersample;
        long longtmp;
        static unsigned char dogdoo[] = {0x40, 0x0e, 0xac, 0x44, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 'S', 'S', 'N', 'D'};
        t_aiff *aiffhdr = (t_aiff *)headerbuf;
        if (!strcaseends(filenamebuf,".aif") && !strcaseends(filenamebuf,".aiff")) strcat(filenamebuf, ".aif");
        strncpy(aiffhdr->fileid, "FORM", 4);
        aiffhdr->chunksize = swap4(datasize + sizeof(*aiffhdr) + 4, swap);
        strncpy(aiffhdr->aiffid, "AIFF", 4);
        strncpy(aiffhdr->fmtid, "COMM", 4);
        aiffhdr->fmtchunksize = swap4(18, swap);
        aiffhdr->nchannels = swap2(nchannels, swap);
        longtmp = swap4(nframes, swap);
        memcpy(&aiffhdr->nframeshi, &longtmp, 4);
        aiffhdr->bitspersamp = swap2(8 * bytespersample, swap);
        memcpy(aiffhdr->samprate, dogdoo, sizeof(dogdoo));
        longtmp = swap4(datasize, swap);
        memcpy(aiffhdr->samprate + sizeof(dogdoo), &longtmp, 4);
        memset(aiffhdr->samprate + sizeof(dogdoo) + 4, 0, 8);
        headersize = AIFFPLUS;
	/* fix by matju for häfeli, 2007.07.04, but really, dogdoo should be removed */
	while (samplerate >= 0x10000) {aiffhdr->samprate[1]++; samplerate/=2;}
	aiffhdr->samprate[2] = (long)samplerate>>8;
	aiffhdr->samprate[3] = (long)samplerate;
    } else {   /* WAVE format */
        long datasize = nframes * nchannels * bytespersample;
        if (!strcaseends(filenamebuf,".wav")) strcat(filenamebuf, ".wav");
        t_wave *wavehdr = (t_wave *)headerbuf;
        strncpy(wavehdr->fileid, "RIFF", 4);
        wavehdr->chunksize = swap4(datasize + sizeof(*wavehdr) - 8, swap);
        strncpy(wavehdr->waveid, "WAVE", 4);
        strncpy(wavehdr->fmtid, "fmt ", 4);
        wavehdr->fmtchunksize = swap4(16, swap);
        wavehdr->fmttag = swap2((bytespersample == 4 ? WAV_FLOAT : WAV_INT), swap);
        wavehdr->nchannels = swap2(nchannels, swap);
        wavehdr->samplespersec = swap4(size_t(samplerate), swap);
        wavehdr->navgbytespersec = swap4((int)(samplerate * nchannels * bytespersample), swap);
        wavehdr->nblockalign = swap2(nchannels * bytespersample, swap);
        wavehdr->nbitspersample = swap2(8 * bytespersample, swap);
        strncpy(wavehdr->datachunkid, "data", 4);
        wavehdr->datachunksize = swap4(datasize, swap);
        headersize = sizeof(t_wave);
    }
    char *buf2 = canvas_makefilename(canvas, filenamebuf,0,0);
    sys_bashfilename(buf2,buf2);
    if ((fd = open(buf2, BINCREATE, 0666)) < 0) {free(buf2); return -1;}
    if (write(fd, headerbuf, headersize) < headersize) {
        close (fd);
        return -1;
    }
    return fd;
}

static void soundfile_finishwrite(void *obj, char *filename, int fd,
int filetype, long nframes, long itemswritten, int bytesperframe, int swap) {
    if (itemswritten < nframes) {
        if (nframes < 0x7fffffff)
            error("soundfiler_write: %ld out of %ld bytes written", itemswritten, nframes);
        /* try to fix size fields in header */
        if (filetype == FORMAT_WAVE) {
            long datasize = itemswritten * bytesperframe, v;
            if (lseek(fd, ((char *)(&((t_wave *)0)->chunksize)) - (char *)0, SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            v = swap4(datasize + sizeof(t_wave) - 8, swap);
            if (write(fd, (char *)&v, 4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
            if (lseek(fd, ((char *)(&((t_wave *)0)->datachunksize)) - (char *)0, SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            v = swap4(datasize, swap);
            if (write(fd, (char *)&v, 4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
        }
        if (filetype == FORMAT_AIFF) {
            long v;
            if (lseek(fd, ((char *)(&((t_aiff *)0)->nframeshi)) - (char *)0, SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            v = swap4(itemswritten, swap);
            if (write(fd, (char *)&v,4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
            if (lseek(fd, ((char *)(&((t_aiff *)0)->chunksize)) - (char *)0, SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            v = swap4(itemswritten*bytesperframe+AIFFHDRSIZE, swap);
            if (write(fd, (char *)&v,4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
            if (lseek(fd, (AIFFHDRSIZE+4), SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            v = swap4(itemswritten*bytesperframe, swap);
            if (write(fd, (char *)&v,4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
        }
        if (filetype == FORMAT_NEXT) {
            /* do it the lazy way: just set the size field to 'unknown size'*/
            uint32 nextsize = 0xffffffff;
            if (lseek(fd, 8, SEEK_SET) == 0) goto baddonewrite;
            if (write(fd, &nextsize, 4) < 4) goto baddonewrite;
        }
    }
    return;
baddonewrite:
    error("%s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
}

static void soundfile_xferout(int nchannels, float **vecs, unsigned char *buf, int nitems, long onset, int bytespersample,
int bigendian, float normalfactor) {
    unsigned char *sp=buf, *sp2;
    float *fp;
    int bytesperframe = bytespersample * nchannels;
    #define LOOP for (int j=0; j<nitems; j++, sp2 += bytesperframe, fp++)
    for (int i = 0; i < nchannels; i++, sp += bytespersample) {
        sp2 = sp; fp = vecs[i] + onset;
        if (bytespersample == 2) {
            float ff = normalfactor * 32768.;
            if (bigendian) LOOP {
                int xx = clip(int(32768. + *fp * ff) - 0x8000,-0x7fff,+0x7fff);
                sp2[0] = xx>>8; sp2[1] = xx;
            } else LOOP {
                int xx = clip(int(32768. + *fp * ff) - 0x8000,-0x7fff,+0x7fff);
                sp2[1] = xx>>8; sp2[0] = xx;
            }
        } else if (bytespersample == 3) {
            float ff = normalfactor * 8388608.;
            if (bigendian) LOOP {
                int xx = clip(int(8388608. + *fp * ff) - 0x800000,-0x7fffff,+0x7fffff);
                sp2[0] = xx>>16; sp2[1] = xx>>8; sp2[2] = xx;
            } else LOOP {
                int xx = clip(int(8388608. + *fp * ff) - 0x800000,-0x7fffff,+0x7fffff);
                sp2[2] = xx>>16; sp2[1] = xx>>8; sp2[0] = xx;
            }
        } else if (bytespersample == 4) {
            if (bigendian) LOOP {
                float f2 = *fp * normalfactor; long xx = *(long *)&f2;
                sp2[0] = xx >> 24; sp2[1] = xx >> 16; sp2[2] = xx >> 8; sp2[3] = xx;
            } else LOOP {
                float f2 = *fp * normalfactor; long xx = *(long *)&f2;
                sp2[3] = xx >> 24; sp2[2] = xx >> 16; sp2[1] = xx >> 8; sp2[0] = xx;
            }
        }
    }
    #undef LOOP
}

/* ------- soundfiler - reads and writes soundfiles to/from "garrays" ---- */

#define DEFMAXSIZE (16*1024*1024*4) /* default maximum 16 million floats per channel */
#define SAMPBUFSIZE 1024

static t_class *soundfiler_class;

struct t_soundfiler : t_object {t_canvas *canvas;};

#ifdef THREADED_SF
#include <sched.h>
#if (_POSIX_MEMLOCK - 0) >=  200112L
#include <sys/mman.h>
#else
#define munlockall() /* ignore */
#define   mlockall() /* ignore */
#endif /* _POSIX_MEMLOCK */

static pthread_t sf_thread_id; /* id of soundfiler thread */

struct t_sfprocess {
    void (*process)(t_soundfiler *,t_symbol *, int, t_atom *); /* function to call */
    t_soundfiler *x;
    int argc;
    t_atom *argv;
    struct t_sfprocess *next;  /* next object in queue */
    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
};

/* this is the queue for all soundfiler objects */
struct t_sfqueue {
    t_sfprocess *begin;
    t_sfprocess *end;
    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
    pthread_cond_t cond;
};

static t_sfqueue *soundfiler_queue;

/* we fill the queue */
void soundfiler_queue_add(void (* process) (t_soundfiler *,t_symbol *,int,t_atom *), void * x, int argc, t_atom * argv) {
    /* preparing entry */
    t_sfprocess * last_entry = (t_sfprocess*)getbytes(sizeof(t_sfprocess));
    if (debug) post("adding process to queue");
    pthread_mutex_init(&(last_entry->mutex), NULL);
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(last_entry->mutex));
    last_entry->process = process;
    last_entry->x = (t_soundfiler *)x;
    last_entry->argc = argc;
    last_entry->argv = (t_atom *)copybytes(argv, argc * sizeof(t_atom));
    last_entry->next = NULL;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(last_entry->mutex));
    /* add new entry to queue */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));
    if (soundfiler_queue->begin==NULL) {
	soundfiler_queue->begin=last_entry;
	soundfiler_queue->end=last_entry;
    } else {
	pthread_mutex_lock(&(soundfiler_queue->end->mutex));
	soundfiler_queue->end->next=last_entry;
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&(soundfiler_queue->end->mutex));
	soundfiler_queue->end=last_entry;
    }
    if ( soundfiler_queue->begin == soundfiler_queue->end ) {
	if (debug) post("signaling");
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));
	/* and signal the helper thread */
	pthread_cond_signal(&(soundfiler_queue->cond));
    } else {
	if (debug) post("not signaling");
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));
    }
    return;
}

/* global soundfiler thread ... sleeping until signaled */
void soundfiler_thread() {
    t_sfprocess *me;
    t_sfprocess *next;
    if (debug) post("soundfiler_thread ID: %d", pthread_self());
    while (1) {
	if (debug) post("Soundfiler sleeping");
	pthread_cond_wait(&soundfiler_queue->cond, &soundfiler_queue->mutex);
	if (debug) post("Soundfiler awake");
	/* work on the queue */
	while (soundfiler_queue->begin!=NULL) {
		post("soundfiler: locked queue");
		/* locking process */
		pthread_mutex_lock(&(soundfiler_queue->begin->mutex));
		me = soundfiler_queue->begin;
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&(me->mutex));
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));
		if (debug) post("soundfiler: mutex unlocked, running process");
		/* running the specific function */
		me->process(me->x, NULL, me->argc, me->argv);
		if (debug) post("soundfiler: process done, locking mutex");
		pthread_mutex_lock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));
		pthread_mutex_lock(&(me->mutex));
		free(me->argv);
		/* the  process struct */
		next=me->next;
		soundfiler_queue->begin=next;
		free(me);
	}
	soundfiler_queue->end=NULL;
    }
}

extern int sys_hipriority;   	/* real-time flag, true if priority boosted */

/* create soundfiler thread */
void sys_start_sfthread() {
    pthread_attr_t sf_attr;
    struct sched_param sf_param;
    int status;
    // initialize queue
    soundfiler_queue = (t_sfqueue *)getbytes(sizeof(t_sfqueue));
    pthread_mutex_init(&soundfiler_queue->mutex,NULL);
    pthread_cond_init(&soundfiler_queue->cond,NULL);
    soundfiler_queue->begin=soundfiler_queue->end=NULL;
/*     pthread_mutex_unlock(&(soundfiler_queue->mutex));  */
    // initialize thread
    pthread_attr_init(&sf_attr);
    sf_param.sched_priority=sched_get_priority_min(SCHED_OTHER);
    pthread_attr_setschedparam(&sf_attr,&sf_param);
/*     pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&sf_attr,PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED); */
#ifdef UNIX
     if (sys_hipriority == 1 && getuid() == 0) {
	sf_param.sched_priority=sched_get_priority_min(SCHED_RR);
	pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&sf_attr,SCHED_RR);
     } else {
/* 	pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&sf_attr,SCHED_OTHER); */
/* 	sf_param.sched_priority=sched_get_priority_min(SCHED_OTHER); */
     }
#endif /* UNIX */
    //start thread
    status = pthread_create(&sf_thread_id, &sf_attr, (void *(*)(void *)) soundfiler_thread,NULL);
    if (status != 0) error("Couldn't create soundfiler thread: %d",status);
    else post("global soundfiler thread launched, priority: %d", sf_param.sched_priority);
}

static void soundfiler_t_write(     t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
static void soundfiler_t_write_addq(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    soundfiler_queue_add(soundfiler_t_write,(void *)x,argc, argv);
}
static void soundfiler_t_read(     t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
static void soundfiler_t_read_addq(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    soundfiler_queue_add(soundfiler_t_read,(void *)x,argc, argv);
}

/* soundfiler_read
   usage: read [flags] filename table ...
   flags: -skip <frames> ... frames to skip in file
	-nframes <frames> -onset <frames> ... onset in table to read into (NOT DONE YET)
	-raw <headersize channels bytes endian> -resize -maxsize <max-size>
    TB: adapted for threaded use */
static t_int soundfiler_read_update_garray(t_int *w);
static t_int soundfiler_read_update_graphics(t_int *w);
static t_int soundfiler_read_output(t_int *w);
static void soundfiler_t_read(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    t_param p;
    int headersize = -1;
    p.nchannels = 0; p.bytespersample = 0; p.bigendian = 0;
    int resize = 0, i, j;
    long skipframes = 0, nframes = 0, finalsize = 0, maxsize = DEFMAXSIZE, itemsread = 0;
    p.bytelimit = 0x7fffffff;
    int fd = -1;
    char endianness, *filename;
    t_garray *garrays[MAXSFCHANS];
    t_float *vecs[MAXSFCHANS];             /* the old array */
    t_float *nvecs[MAXSFCHANS];            /* the new array */
    int vecsize[MAXSFCHANS];               /* the old array size */
    char sampbuf[SAMPBUFSIZE];
    int bufframes, nitems;
    FILE *fp;
    pthread_cond_t resume_after_callback = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
    pthread_mutex_t resume_after_callback_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; /* dummy */
    t_int* outargs;
    while (argc > 0 && argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL && *argv->a_symbol->name == '-') {
    	char *flag = argv->a_symbol->name + 1;
	argc--; argv++;
	if (!strcmp(flag, "skip")) {
	    EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,skipframes); if (skipframes<0) goto usage;
	} else if (!strcmp(flag, "nframes")) {
	    EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,nframes); if (nframes<0) goto usage;
	} else if (!strcmp(flag, "raw")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,headersize); if (headersize<0) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,p.nchannels); if (p.nchannels<1) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,p.bytespersample); if (p.bytespersample<2 || p.bytespersample>4) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_SYMBOL,endianness); if (endianness!='b' && endianness!='l' && endianness!='n') goto usage;
	    if      (endianness == 'b') p.bigendian = 1;
	    else if (endianness == 'l') p.bigendian = 0;
	    else p.bigendian = garray_ambigendian();
	} else if (!strcmp(flag, "resize")) {
	    resize = 1;
	} else if (!strcmp(flag, "maxsize")) {
	    EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,maxsize); if (maxsize<0) goto usage;
	    resize = 1;     /* maxsize implies resize. */
	} else goto usage;
    }
    if (argc < 2 || argc > MAXSFCHANS + 1 || argv[0].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
    filename = argv[0].a_symbol->name;
    argc--; argv++;
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
    	if (argv[i].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
	garrays[i] = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[i].a_symbol, garray_class);
	if (!garrays[i]) {
	    error("%s: no such table", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
	    goto done;
	} else if (!garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize[i], &vecs[i]))
    	    error("%s: bad template for tabwrite", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
    	if (finalsize && finalsize != vecsize[i] && !resize) {
	    post("soundfiler_read: arrays have different lengths; resizing...");
	    resize = 1;
	}
	finalsize = vecsize[i];
    }
    fd = open_soundfile(canvas_getdir(x->canvas)->name, filename, headersize, &p, skipframes);
    if (fd < 0) {
	error("soundfiler_read: %s: %s", filename, (errno == EIO ? "unknown or bad header format" : strerror(errno)));
    	goto done;
    }
    if (resize) {
	/* figure out what to resize to */
    	long poswas, eofis, framesinfile;
	poswas = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
	eofis = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
	if (poswas < 0 || eofis < 0) {error("lseek failed"); goto done;}
	lseek(fd, poswas, SEEK_SET);
	framesinfile = (eofis - poswas) / p.bytesperchannel();
	if (framesinfile > maxsize) {
	    error("soundfiler_read: truncated to %d elements", maxsize);
	    framesinfile = maxsize;
	}
        framesinfile = min(framesinfile, p.bytelimit / p.bytesperchannel());
	finalsize = framesinfile;
    }
    if (!finalsize) finalsize = 0x7fffffff;
    finalsize = min(finalsize, p.bytelimit / p.bytesperchannel());
    fp = fdopen(fd, "rb");
    bufframes = SAMPBUFSIZE / p.bytesperchannel();
    if (debug) {
        post("buffers: %d", argc);
        post("channels: %d", p.nchannels);
    }
    munlockall();
    /* allocate memory for new array */
    if (resize)
	for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
		nvecs[i] = (float *)getalignedbytes(finalsize * sizeof(t_float));
		/* if we are out of memory, free it again and quit */
		if (nvecs[i]==0) {
			error("resize failed");
			/* if the resizing fails, we'll have to free all arrays again */
			for (j=0; j!=i;++j) freealignedbytes (nvecs[i],finalsize * sizeof(t_float));
			goto done;
		}
	}
    else
	for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
		nvecs[i] = (float *)getalignedbytes(vecsize[i] * sizeof(t_float));
		/* if we are out of memory, free it again and quit */
		if (nvecs[i]==0) {
			error("resize failed");
			/* if the resizing fails, we'll have to free all arrays again */
			for (j=0; j!=i;++j) freealignedbytes (nvecs[i],vecsize[i] * sizeof(t_float));
			goto done;
		}
	}
    if(i > p.nchannels) memset(nvecs[i],0,vecsize[i] * sizeof(t_float));
    if (debug) post("transfer soundfile");
    for (itemsread = 0; itemsread < finalsize; ) {
	int thisread = finalsize - itemsread;
	thisread = (thisread > bufframes ? bufframes : thisread);
	nitems = fread(sampbuf, p.bytesperchannel(), thisread, fp);
	if (nitems <= 0) break;
	soundfile_xferin(p.nchannels, argc, nvecs, itemsread, (unsigned char *)sampbuf, nitems, p.bytespersample, p.bigendian);
	itemsread += nitems;
    }
    if (debug) post("zeroing remaining elements");
    /* zero out remaining elements of vectors */
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) for (int j=itemsread; j<finalsize; j++) nvecs[i][j] = 0;
    /* set idle callback to switch pointers */
    if (debug) post("locked");
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
	t_int *w = (t_int*)getbytes(4*sizeof(t_int));
	w[0] = (t_int)(garrays[i]);
	w[1] = (t_int)nvecs[i];
	w[2] = (t_int)finalsize;
	w[3] = (t_int)(&resume_after_callback);
	sys_callback(&soundfiler_read_update_garray, w, 4);
	pthread_cond_wait(&resume_after_callback, &resume_after_callback_mutex);
    }
    if (debug) post("unlocked, doing graphics updates");
    /* do all graphics updates. run this in the main thread via callback */
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
	t_int *w = (t_int*)getbytes(2*sizeof(t_int));
	w[0] = (t_int)(garrays[i]);
	w[1] = (t_int)finalsize;
	sys_callback(&soundfiler_read_update_graphics, w, 2);
    }
    /* free the old arrays */
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) freealignedbytes(vecs[i], vecsize[i] * sizeof(t_float));
    fclose(fp);
    fd = -1;
    goto done;
usage:
    error("usage: read [flags] filename tablename...");
    post("flags: -skip <n> -nframes <n> -resize -maxsize <n> ...");
    post("-raw <headerbytes> <channels> <bytespersample> <endian (b, l, or n)>.");
done:
    if (fd>=0) close(fd);
    mlockall(MCL_FUTURE);
    outargs = (t_int*)getbytes(2*sizeof(t_int));
    outargs[0] = (t_int)x->outlet;
    outargs[1] = (t_int)itemsread;
    sys_callback(&soundfiler_read_output, outargs, 2);
}

/* idle callback for threadsafe synchronisation */
static t_int soundfiler_read_update_garray(t_int *w) {
	t_garray *garray = (t_garray*)w[0];
	t_int nvec = w[1];
	t_int finalsize = w[2];
	pthread_cond_t *conditional = (pthread_cond_t*) w[3];
	t_array *a = garray_getarray(garray);
	a->vec = (char *) nvec;
	a->n = finalsize;
	if (garray->usedindsp) canvas_update_dsp();
	/* signal helper thread */
	pthread_cond_broadcast(conditional);
	return 0;
}

static t_int soundfiler_read_update_graphics(t_int *w) {
	t_garray *garray = (t_garray*) w[0];
	t_canvas *gl;
	int n = w[1];
	/* if this is the only array in the graph, reset the graph's coordinates */
	if (debug) post("redraw array %p", garray);
	gl = garray->canvas;
	if (gl->list == garray && !garray->next) {
		vmess(gl, gensym("bounds"), "ffff", 0., gl->y1, double(n > 1 ? n-1 : 1), gl->y2);
		/* close any dialogs that might have the wrong info now... */
	} else garray_redraw(garray);
	return 0;
}

static t_int soundfiler_read_output(t_int * w) {
	t_outlet* outlet = (t_outlet*) w[0];
	float itemsread = (float) w[1];
	if (debug) post("bang %p", outlet);
	outlet->send(itemsread);
	return 0;
}

/* this is broken out from soundfiler_write below so garray_write can call it too... not done yet though. */
long soundfiler_t_dowrite(void *obj, t_canvas *canvas, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    int bytespersample, bigendian, swap, filetype, normalize, nchannels;
    long onset, nframes, itemswritten = 0;
    t_garray *garrays[MAXSFCHANS];
    t_float *vecs[MAXSFCHANS];
    char sampbuf[SAMPBUFSIZE];
    int bufframes;
    int fd = -1;
    float normfactor, biggest = 0, samplerate;
    t_symbol *filesym;
    if (soundfiler_writeargparse(obj, &argc, &argv, &filesym, &filetype,
	&bytespersample, &swap, &bigendian, &normalize, &onset, &nframes, &samplerate))
		goto usage;
    nchannels = argc;
    if (nchannels < 1 || nchannels > MAXSFCHANS) goto usage;
    if (samplerate < 0) samplerate = sys_getsr();
    for (int i=0; i<nchannels; i++) {
    	int vecsize;
    	if (argv[i].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
	if (!(garrays[i] = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[i].a_symbol, garray_class))) {
	    error("%s: no such table", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
	    goto fail;
	}
    	else if (!garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &vecs[i]))
    	    error("%s: bad template for tabwrite", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
    	if (nframes > vecsize - onset)
	    nframes = vecsize - onset;
	for (int j=0; j<vecsize; j++) {
	    if      (+vecs[i][j] > biggest) biggest = +vecs[i][j];
	    else if (-vecs[i][j] > biggest) biggest = -vecs[i][j];
    	}
    }
    if (nframes <= 0) {
	error("soundfiler_write: no samples at onset %ld", onset);
    	goto fail;
    }
    if ((fd = create_soundfile(canvas, filesym->name, filetype, nframes, bytespersample, bigendian, nchannels, swap, samplerate)) < 0) {
    	post("%s: %s", filesym->name, strerror(errno));
    	goto fail;
    }
    if (!normalize) {
    	if ((bytespersample != 4) && (biggest > 1)) {
    	    post("%s: normalizing max amplitude %f to 1", filesym->name, biggest);
    	    normalize = 1;
    	} else post("%s: biggest amplitude = %f", filesym->name, biggest);
    }
    if (normalize) normfactor = (biggest > 0 ? 32767./(32768. * biggest) : 1);
    else normfactor = 1;
    bufframes = SAMPBUFSIZE / (nchannels * bytespersample);
    for (itemswritten = 0; itemswritten < nframes; ) {
    	int thiswrite = nframes - itemswritten, nbytes;
    	thiswrite = (thiswrite > bufframes ? bufframes : thiswrite);
	soundfile_xferout(argc, vecs, (unsigned char *)sampbuf, thiswrite, onset, bytespersample, bigendian, normfactor);
    	nbytes = write(fd, sampbuf, nchannels * bytespersample * thiswrite);
	if (nbytes < nchannels * bytespersample * thiswrite) {
	    post("%s: %s", filesym->name, strerror(errno));
	    if (nbytes > 0) itemswritten += nbytes / (nchannels * bytespersample);
	    break;
	}
	itemswritten += thiswrite;
	onset += thiswrite;
    }
    if (fd >= 0) {
    	soundfile_finishwrite(obj, filesym->name, fd, filetype, nframes, itemswritten, nchannels * bytespersample, swap);
    	close (fd);
    }
    return itemswritten;
usage:
    error("usage: write [flags] filename tablename...");
    post("flags: -skip <n> -nframes <n> -bytes <n> -wave -aiff -nextstep ...");
    post("-big -little -normalize");
    post("(defaults to a 16-bit wave file).");
fail:
    if (fd >= 0) close(fd);
    return 0;
}

static void soundfiler_t_write(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    long bozo = soundfiler_t_dowrite(x, x->canvas, argc, argv);
    sys_lock();
    x->outlet->send(float(bozo));
    sys_lock();
}

static void soundfiler_t_resize(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
static void soundfiler_t_resize_addq(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    soundfiler_queue_add(soundfiler_t_resize,(void *)x,argc, argv);
}

/* TB: soundfiler_t_resize ... usage: resize table size; adapted from garray_resize */
static void soundfiler_t_resize(t_soundfiler *y, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    int was, elemsize;       /* array contains was elements of size elemsize */
    t_float *vec;           /* old array */
    t_canvas *gl;
    int n;                   /* resize of n elements */
    char *nvec;              /* new array */
    t_garray *x = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[0].a_symbol, garray_class);
    t_array *a = garray_getarray(x);
    if (!x) {error("%s: no such table", argv[0].a_symbol->name); goto usage;}
    vec = (t_float*) a->vec;
    was = a->n;
    if ((argv+1)->a_type == A_FLOAT) {
	n = (int) (argv+1)->a_float;
    } else goto usage;
    if (n == was) return;
    if (n < 1) n = 1;
    elemsize = template_findbyname(a->templatesym)->t_n * sizeof(t_word);
    munlockall();
    if (was > n) {
	nvec = (char *)copyalignedbytes(a->vec, was * elemsize);
    } else {
	nvec = (char *)getalignedbytes(n * elemsize);
	memcpy (nvec, a->vec, was * elemsize);
	memset(nvec + was*elemsize, 0, (n - was) * elemsize);
    }
    if (!nvec) {error("array resize failed: out of memory"); mlockall(MCL_FUTURE); return;}
    /* TB: we'll have to be sure that no one is accessing the array */
    sys_lock();
    a->vec = nvec;
    a->n = n;
    if (x->usedindsp) canvas_update_dsp();
    sys_unlock();
    /* if this is the only array in the graph, reset the graph's coordinates */
    gl = x->canvas;
    if (gl->list == x && !x->next) {
    	vmess(gl, gensym("bounds"), "ffff", 0., gl->y1, (double)(n > 1 ? n-1 : 1), gl->y2);
	/* close any dialogs that might have the wrong info now... */
    } else garray_redraw(x);
    freealignedbytes (vec, was * elemsize);
    mlockall(MCL_FUTURE);
    sys_lock();
    y->outlet->send((float)atom_getintarg(1,argc,argv));
    sys_unlock();
    return;
usage:
    error("usage: resize tablename size");
}

static void soundfiler_t_const(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv);
static void soundfiler_t_const_addq(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    soundfiler_queue_add(soundfiler_t_const,(void *)x,argc, argv);
}

/* TB: soundfiler_t_const ... usage: const table value */
static void soundfiler_t_const(t_soundfiler *y, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    int size, elemsize;    /* array contains was elements of size elemsize */
    t_float *vec;         /* old array */
    t_canvas *gl;
    int val;               /* value */
    char *nvec;            /* new array */
    t_garray * x = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[0].a_symbol, garray_class);
    t_array *a = garray_getarray(x);
    if (!x) {error("%s: no such table", argv[0].a_symbol->name); goto usage;}
    vec = (t_float*) a->vec;
    size = a->n;
    if ((argv+1)->a_type == A_FLOAT) {
	val = (int) (argv+1)->a_float;
    } else goto usage;
    elemsize = template_findbyname(a->templatesym)->t_n * sizeof(t_word);
    /* allocating memory */
    munlockall();
    nvec = (char *)getalignedbytes(size * elemsize);
    if (!nvec) {
    	error("array resize failed: out of memory");
	mlockall(MCL_FUTURE);
	return;
    }
    /* setting array */
    for (int i=0; i!=size; ++i) nvec[i]=val;
    /* TB: we'll have to be sure that no one is accessing the array */
    sys_lock();
    a->vec = nvec;
    if (x->usedindsp) canvas_update_dsp();
    sys_unlock();
    /* if this is the only array in the graph, reset the graph's coordinates */
    gl = x->canvas;
    if (gl->list == x && !x->next) {
    	vmess(gl, gensym("bounds"), "ffff", 0., gl->y1, (double)(size > 1 ? size-1 : 1), gl->y2);
	/* close any dialogs that might have the wrong info now... */
    } else garray_redraw(x);
    freealignedbytes (vec, size * elemsize);
    mlockall(MCL_FUTURE);
    sys_lock();
    y->outlet->send(size);
    sys_unlock();
    return;
 usage:
    error("usage: const tablename value");
}

#endif /* THREADED_SF */

static t_soundfiler *soundfiler_new() {
    t_soundfiler *x = (t_soundfiler *)pd_new(soundfiler_class);
    x->canvas = canvas_getcurrent();
    outlet_new(x,&s_float);
#ifdef THREADED_SF
    post("warning: threaded soundfiler is not synchronous");
#endif /* THREADED_SF */
    return x;
}

/* soundfiler_read ...
    usage: read [flags] filename table ...
    flags: -skip <frames> ... frames to skip in file
        -nframes <frames> -onset <frames> ... onset in table to read into (NOT DONE YET)
        -raw <headersize channels bytes endian> -resize -maxsize <max-size> */
static void soundfiler_read(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    t_param p;
    p.bytespersample = 0;
    p.bigendian = 0;
    p.nchannels = 0;
    p.bytelimit = 0x7fffffff;
    int headersize = -1, resize = 0;
    long skipframes = 0, nframes = 0, finalsize = 0, maxsize = DEFMAXSIZE, itemsread = 0;
    int fd = -1;
    char endianness, *filename;
    t_garray *garrays[MAXSFCHANS];
    t_float *vecs[MAXSFCHANS];
    char sampbuf[SAMPBUFSIZE];
    int bufframes, nitems;
    FILE *fp;
    while (argc > 0 && argv->a_type == A_SYMBOL && *argv->a_symbol->name == '-') {
        char *flag = argv->a_symbol->name + 1;
	argc--; argv++;
        if (!strcmp(flag, "skip")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,skipframes); if (skipframes<0) goto usage;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "nframes")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,nframes); if (nframes<0) goto usage;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "raw")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,headersize); if (headersize<0) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,p.nchannels); if (p.nchannels<1) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,p.bytespersample); if (p.bytespersample<2 || p.bytespersample>4) goto usage;
            EAT_ARG(A_SYMBOL,endianness); if (endianness!='b' && endianness!='l' && endianness!='n') goto usage;
            if      (endianness == 'b') p.bigendian = 1;
            else if (endianness == 'l') p.bigendian = 0;
            else p.bigendian = garray_ambigendian();
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "resize")) {
            resize = 1;
        } else if (!strcmp(flag, "maxsize")) {
            EAT_ARG(A_FLOAT,maxsize); if (maxsize<0) goto usage;
            resize = 1;     /* maxsize implies resize. */
        } else goto usage;
    }
    if (argc < 2 || argc > MAXSFCHANS + 1 || argv[0].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
    filename = argv[0].a_symbol->name;
    argc--; argv++;
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
        int vecsize;
        if (argv[i].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
        garrays[i] = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[i].a_symbol, garray_class);
	if (!garrays[i]) {
            error("%s: no such table", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
            goto done;
        } else if (!garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &vecs[i]))
            error("%s: bad template for tabwrite", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
        if (finalsize && finalsize != vecsize && !resize) {
            post("soundfiler_read: arrays have different lengths; resizing...");
            resize = 1;
        }
        finalsize = vecsize;
    }
    fd = open_soundfile_via_canvas(x->canvas, filename, headersize, &p, skipframes);
    if (fd < 0) {
        error("soundfiler_read: %s: %s", filename, (errno == EIO ? "unknown or bad header format" : strerror(errno)));
        goto done;
    }
    if (resize) {
        /* figure out what to resize to */
        long poswas, eofis, framesinfile;
        poswas = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
        eofis = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
        if (poswas < 0 || eofis < 0) {error("lseek failed"); goto done;}
        lseek(fd, poswas, SEEK_SET);
        framesinfile = (eofis - poswas) / (p.nchannels * p.bytespersample);
        if (framesinfile > maxsize) {error("soundfiler_read: truncated to %ld elements", maxsize); framesinfile = maxsize;}
        framesinfile = min(framesinfile, p.bytelimit / (p.nchannels * p.bytespersample));
        finalsize = framesinfile;
        for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
            int vecsize;
            garray_resize(garrays[i], finalsize);
            /* for sanity's sake let's clear the save-in-patch flag here */
            garray_setsaveit(garrays[i], 0);
            garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &vecs[i]);
            /* if the resize failed, garray_resize reported the error */
            if (vecsize != framesinfile) {error("resize failed"); goto done;}
        }
    }
    if (!finalsize) finalsize = 0x7fffffff;
    finalsize = min(finalsize, p.bytelimit / (p.nchannels * p.bytespersample));
    fp = fdopen(fd, "rb");
    bufframes = SAMPBUFSIZE / (p.nchannels * p.bytespersample);
    for (itemsread = 0; itemsread < finalsize; ) {
        int thisread = finalsize - itemsread;
        thisread = min(thisread,bufframes);
        nitems = fread(sampbuf, p.nchannels * p.bytespersample, thisread, fp);
        if (nitems <= 0) break;
        soundfile_xferin(p.nchannels, argc, vecs, itemsread, (unsigned char *)sampbuf, nitems, p.bytespersample, p.bigendian);
        itemsread += nitems;
    }
    /* zero out remaining elements of vectors */
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) {
        int vecsize; garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &vecs[i]);
        for (int j=itemsread; j<vecsize; j++) vecs[i][j]=0;
    }
    /* zero out vectors in excess of number of channels */
    for (int i=p.nchannels; i<argc; i++) {
        int vecsize; float *foo; garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &foo);
        for (int j=0; j<vecsize; j++) foo[j]=0;
    }
    /* do all graphics updates */
    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++) garray_redraw(garrays[i]);
    fclose(fp);
    fd = -1;
    goto done;
usage:
    error("usage: read [flags] filename tablename...");
    post("flags: -skip <n> -nframes <n> -resize -maxsize <n> ...");
    post("-raw <headerbytes> <channels> <bytespersample> <endian (b, l, or n)>.");
done:
    if (fd >= 0) close(fd);
    x->outlet->send(float(itemsread));
}

/* this is broken out from soundfiler_write below so garray_write can
   call it too... not done yet though. */
long soundfiler_dowrite(void *obj, t_canvas *canvas, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    int bytespersample, bigendian, swap, filetype, normalize, nchannels;
    long onset, nframes, itemswritten = 0;
    t_garray *garrays[MAXSFCHANS];
    t_float *vecs[MAXSFCHANS];
    char sampbuf[SAMPBUFSIZE];
    int bufframes;
    int fd = -1;
    float normfactor, biggest = 0, samplerate;
    t_symbol *filesym;
    if (soundfiler_writeargparse(obj, &argc, &argv, &filesym, &filetype,
        &bytespersample, &swap, &bigendian, &normalize, &onset, &nframes,
            &samplerate))
                goto usage;
    nchannels = argc;
    if (nchannels < 1 || nchannels > MAXSFCHANS) goto usage;
    if (samplerate < 0) samplerate = sys_getsr();
    for (int i=0; i<nchannels; i++) {
        int vecsize;
        if (argv[i].a_type != A_SYMBOL) goto usage;
        if (!(garrays[i] = (t_garray *)pd_findbyclass(argv[i].a_symbol, garray_class))) {
            error("%s: no such table", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
            goto fail;
        }
        else if (!garray_getfloatarray(garrays[i], &vecsize, &vecs[i]))
            error("%s: bad template for tabwrite", argv[i].a_symbol->name);
        nframes = min(nframes, vecsize - onset);
        for (int j=0; j<vecsize; j++) {
            if      (+vecs[i][j] > biggest) biggest = +vecs[i][j];
            else if (-vecs[i][j] > biggest) biggest = -vecs[i][j];
        }
    }
    if (nframes <= 0) {
        error("soundfiler_write: no samples at onset %ld", onset);
        goto fail;
    }
    if ((fd = create_soundfile(canvas, filesym->name, filetype, nframes, bytespersample, bigendian, nchannels, swap, samplerate)) < 0) {
        post("%s: %s", filesym->name, strerror(errno));
        goto fail;
    }
    if (!normalize) {
        if ((bytespersample != 4) && (biggest > 1)) {
            post("%s: normalizing max amplitude %f to 1", filesym->name, biggest);
            normalize = 1;
        } else post("%s: biggest amplitude = %f", filesym->name, biggest);
    }
    if (normalize) normfactor = (biggest > 0 ? 32767./(32768. * biggest) : 1); else normfactor = 1;
    bufframes = SAMPBUFSIZE / (nchannels * bytespersample);
    for (itemswritten = 0; itemswritten < nframes; ) {
        int thiswrite = nframes - itemswritten, nbytes;
        thiswrite = (thiswrite > bufframes ? bufframes : thiswrite);
        soundfile_xferout(argc, vecs, (unsigned char *)sampbuf, thiswrite, onset, bytespersample, bigendian, normfactor);
        nbytes = write(fd, sampbuf, nchannels * bytespersample * thiswrite);
        if (nbytes < nchannels * bytespersample * thiswrite) {
            post("%s: %s", filesym->name, strerror(errno));
            if (nbytes > 0) itemswritten += nbytes / (nchannels * bytespersample);
            break;
        }
        itemswritten += thiswrite;
        onset += thiswrite;
    }
    if (fd >= 0) {
        soundfile_finishwrite(obj, filesym->name, fd, filetype, nframes, itemswritten, nchannels * bytespersample, swap);
        close (fd);
    }
    return itemswritten;
usage:
    error("usage: write [flags] filename tablename...");
    post("flags: -skip <n> -nframes <n> -bytes <n> -wave -aiff -nextstep ...");
    post("-big -little -normalize");
    post("(defaults to a 16-bit wave file).");
fail:
    if (fd >= 0) close(fd);
    return 0;
}

static void soundfiler_write(t_soundfiler *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    long bozo = soundfiler_dowrite(x, x->canvas, argc, argv);
    x->outlet->send(bozo);
}

static void soundfiler_setup() {
    t_class *c = soundfiler_class = class_new2("soundfiler", (t_newmethod)soundfiler_new, 0, sizeof(t_soundfiler), 0, "");
#ifdef THREADED_SF
    class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_t_read_addq, "read", "*");
/*     class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_t_write_addq, "write", "*"); */
    class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_t_resize_addq, "resize", "*");
    class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_t_const_addq,  "const", "*");
#else
    class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_read, "read", "*");
#endif /* THREADED_SF */
    class_addmethod2(c, soundfiler_write, "write", "*");
}

/************************* readsf object ******************************/

/* READSF uses the Posix threads package; for the moment we're Linux
only although this should be portable to the other platforms.

Each instance of readsf~ owns a "child" thread for doing the unix (MSW?) file
reading.  The parent thread signals the child each time:
    (1) a file wants opening or closing;
    (2) we've eaten another 1/16 of the shared buffer (so that the
        child thread should check if it's time to read some more.)
The child signals the parent whenever a read has completed.  Signalling
is done by setting "conditions" and putting data in mutex-controlled common
areas.
*/

#define MAXBYTESPERSAMPLE 4
#define MAXVECSIZE 128

#define READSIZE 65536
#define WRITESIZE 65536
#define DEFBUFPERCHAN 262144
#define MINBUFSIZE (4 * READSIZE)
#define MAXBUFSIZE 16777216     /* arbitrary; just don't want to hang malloc */

#define REQUEST_NOTHING 0
#define REQUEST_OPEN 1
#define REQUEST_CLOSE 2
#define REQUEST_QUIT 3
#define REQUEST_BUSY 4

#define STATE_IDLE 0
#define STATE_STARTUP 1
#define STATE_STREAM 2

static t_class *readsf_class;

struct t_readsf : t_object {
    t_canvas *canvas;
    t_clock *clock;
    char *buf;                      /* soundfile buffer */
    int bufsize;                    /* buffer size in bytes */
    int noutlets;                   /* number of audio outlets */
    t_sample *(outvec[MAXSFCHANS]); /* audio vectors */
    int vecsize;                    /* vector size for transfers */
    t_outlet *bangout;              /* bang-on-done outlet */
    int state;                      /* opened, running, or idle */
    float insamplerate;   /* sample rate of input signal if known */
        /* parameters to communicate with subthread */
    int requestcode;      /* pending request from parent to I/O thread */
    char *filename;       /* file to open (string is permanently allocated) */
    int fileerror;        /* slot for "errno" return */
    int skipheaderbytes;  /* size of header we'll skip */
    t_param p;
    float samplerate;     /* sample rate of soundfile */
    long onsetframes;     /* number of sample frames to skip */
    int fd;               /* filedesc */
    int fifosize;         /* buffer size appropriately rounded down */
    int fifohead;         /* index of next byte to get from file */
    int fifotail;         /* index of next byte the ugen will read */
    int eof;              /* true if fifohead has stopped changing */
    int sigcountdown;     /* counter for signalling child for more data */
    int sigperiod;        /* number of ticks per signal */
    int filetype;         /* writesf~ only; type of file to create */
    int itemswritten;     /* writesf~ only; items writen */
    int swap;             /* writesf~ only; true if byte swapping */
    float f;              /* writesf~ only; scalar for signal inlet */
    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
    pthread_cond_t requestcondition;
    pthread_cond_t answercondition;
    pthread_t childthread;
};


/************** the child thread which performs file I/O ***********/

#if 1
#define sfread_cond_wait pthread_cond_wait
#define sfread_cond_signal pthread_cond_signal
#else
#include <sys/time.h>    /* debugging version... */
#include <sys/types.h>
static void readsf_fakewait(pthread_mutex_t *b) {
    struct timeval timout;
    timout.tv_sec = 0;
    timout.tv_usec = 1000000;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(b);
    select(0, 0, 0, 0, &timout);
    pthread_mutex_lock(b);
}

#define sfread_cond_wait(a,b) readsf_fakewait(b)
#define sfread_cond_signal(a)
#endif

static void *readsf_child_main(void *zz) {
    t_readsf *x = (t_readsf *)zz;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    while (1) {
        int fd, fifohead;
        char *buf;
        if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_NOTHING) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
            sfread_cond_wait(&x->requestcondition, &x->mutex);
        } else if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_OPEN) {
            int sysrtn, wantbytes;
            /* copy file stuff out of the data structure so we can
               relinquish the mutex while we're in open_soundfile(). */
            long onsetframes = x->onsetframes;
            t_param p;
            p.bytelimit = 0x7fffffff;
            int skipheaderbytes = x->skipheaderbytes;
            p.bytespersample = x->p.bytespersample;
            p.bigendian = x->p.bigendian;
            /* alter the request code so that an ensuing "open" will get noticed. */
            x->requestcode = REQUEST_BUSY;
            x->fileerror = 0;
            /* if there's already a file open, close it */
            if (x->fd >= 0) {
                fd = x->fd;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                close (fd);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                x->fd = -1;
                if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY) goto lost;
            }
            /* open the soundfile with the mutex unlocked */
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
            fd = open_soundfile(canvas_getdir(x->canvas)->name, x->filename, skipheaderbytes, &p, onsetframes);
            pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
            /* copy back into the instance structure. */
            x->p = p;
            x->fd = fd;
            if (fd < 0) {
                x->fileerror = errno;
                x->eof = 1;
                goto lost;
            }
            /* check if another request has been made; if so, field it */
            if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY) goto lost;
            x->fifohead = 0;
            /* set fifosize from bufsize.  fifosize must be a multiple of the number of bytes eaten for each DSP
               tick.  We pessimistically assume MAXVECSIZE samples per tick since that could change.  There could be a
               problem here if the vector size increases while a soundfile is being played...  */
            x->fifosize = x->bufsize - (x->bufsize % (x->p.bytesperchannel() * MAXVECSIZE));
            /* arrange for the "request" condition to be signalled 16 times per buffer */
            x->sigcountdown = x->sigperiod = x->fifosize / (16 * x->p.bytesperchannel() * x->vecsize);
            /* in a loop, wait for the fifo to get hungry and feed it */
            while (x->requestcode == REQUEST_BUSY) {
                int fifosize = x->fifosize;
                if (x->eof) break;
                if (x->fifohead >= x->fifotail) {
                    /* if the head is >= the tail, we can immediately read to the end of the fifo. Unless, that is, we
                       would read all the way to the end of the buffer and the "tail" is zero; this would fill the buffer completely
                       which isn't allowed because you can't tell a completely full buffer from an empty one. */
                    if (x->fifotail || (fifosize - x->fifohead > READSIZE)) {
                        wantbytes = min(min(fifosize - x->fifohead, READSIZE),(int)x->p.bytelimit);
                    } else {
                        sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
                        sfread_cond_wait(&x->requestcondition, &x->mutex);
                        continue;
                    }
                } else {
                    /* otherwise check if there are at least READSIZE bytes to read.  If not, wait and loop back. */
                    wantbytes = x->fifotail - x->fifohead - 1;
                    if (wantbytes < READSIZE) {
                        sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
                        sfread_cond_wait(&x->requestcondition, &x->mutex);
                        continue;
                    } else wantbytes = READSIZE;
                    wantbytes = min(wantbytes,(int)x->p.bytelimit);
                }
                fd = x->fd;
                buf = x->buf;
                fifohead = x->fifohead;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                sysrtn = read(fd, buf + fifohead, wantbytes);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY) break;
                if      (sysrtn < 0)  {x->fileerror = errno; break;}
                else if (sysrtn == 0) {x->eof = 1; break;}
                else {
                    x->fifohead  += sysrtn;
                    x->p.bytelimit -= sysrtn;
                    if (x->p.bytelimit <= 0) {x->eof = 1; break;}
                    if (x->fifohead == fifosize) x->fifohead = 0;
                }
                /* signal parent in case it's waiting for data */
                sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
            }
        lost:
            if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_BUSY) x->requestcode = REQUEST_NOTHING;
            /* fell out of read loop: close file if necessary, set EOF and signal once more */
            if (x->fd >= 0) {
                fd = x->fd;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                close (fd);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                x->fd = -1;
            }
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
        } else if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_CLOSE || x->requestcode == REQUEST_QUIT) {
            if (x->fd >= 0) {
                fd = x->fd;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                close (fd);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                x->fd = -1;
            }
            x->requestcode = REQUEST_NOTHING;
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
        }
        if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_QUIT) break;
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    return 0;
}

/******** the object proper runs in the calling (parent) thread ****/

static void readsf_tick(t_readsf *x);

static void *readsf_new(t_floatarg fnchannels, t_floatarg fbufsize) {
    int nchannels = int(fnchannels), bufsize = int(fbufsize);
    if (nchannels < 1) nchannels = 1;
    else if (nchannels > MAXSFCHANS) nchannels = MAXSFCHANS;
    if (bufsize <= 0) bufsize = DEFBUFPERCHAN * nchannels;
    else if (bufsize < MINBUFSIZE) bufsize = MINBUFSIZE;
    else if (bufsize > MAXBUFSIZE) bufsize = MAXBUFSIZE;
    char *buf = (char *)getbytes(bufsize);
    if (!buf) return 0;
    t_readsf *x = (t_readsf *)pd_new(readsf_class);
    for (int i=0; i<nchannels; i++) outlet_new(x,gensym("signal"));
    x->noutlets = nchannels;
    x->bangout = outlet_new(x,&s_bang);
    pthread_mutex_init(&x->mutex, 0);
    pthread_cond_init(&x->requestcondition, 0);
    pthread_cond_init(&x->answercondition, 0);
    x->vecsize = MAXVECSIZE;
    x->state = STATE_IDLE;
    x->clock = clock_new(x, (t_method)readsf_tick);
    x->canvas = canvas_getcurrent();
    x->p.bytespersample = 2;
    x->p.nchannels = 1;
    x->fd = -1;
    x->buf = buf;
    x->bufsize = bufsize;
    x->fifosize = x->fifohead = x->fifotail = x->requestcode = 0;
    pthread_create(&x->childthread, 0, readsf_child_main, x);
    return x;
}

static void readsf_tick(t_readsf *x) {x->bangout->send();}

static t_int *readsf_perform(t_int *w) {
    t_readsf *x = (t_readsf *)(w[1]);
    int vecsize = x->vecsize, noutlets = x->noutlets;
    if (x->state == STATE_STREAM) {
        int wantbytes;
        pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
        wantbytes = vecsize * x->p.bytesperchannel();
        while (!x->eof && x->fifohead >= x->fifotail && x->fifohead < x->fifotail + wantbytes-1) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
            sfread_cond_wait(&x->answercondition, &x->mutex);
        }
        if (x->eof && x->fifohead >= x->fifotail && x->fifohead < x->fifotail + wantbytes-1) {
            if (x->fileerror) {
                error("dsp: %s: %s", x->filename, x->fileerror == EIO ? "unknown or bad header format" : strerror(x->fileerror));
            }
            clock_delay(x->clock, 0);
            x->state = STATE_IDLE;
            /* if there's a partial buffer left, copy it out. */
            int xfersize = (x->fifohead - x->fifotail + 1) / x->p.bytesperchannel();
            if (xfersize) {
                soundfile_xferin(x->p.nchannels, noutlets, x->outvec, 0,
                    (unsigned char *)(x->buf + x->fifotail), xfersize, x->p.bytespersample, x->p.bigendian);
                vecsize -= xfersize;
            }
            /* then zero out the (rest of the) output */
            for (int i=0; i<noutlets; i++) {
		float *fp = x->outvec[i] + xfersize;
                for (int j=vecsize; j--; ) *fp++ = 0;
	    }
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
            return w+2;
        }
        soundfile_xferin(x->p.nchannels, noutlets, x->outvec, 0, (unsigned char *)(x->buf + x->fifotail), vecsize, x->p.bytespersample, x->p.bigendian);
        x->fifotail += wantbytes;
        if (x->fifotail >= x->fifosize) x->fifotail = 0;
        if ((--x->sigcountdown) <= 0) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
            x->sigcountdown = x->sigperiod;
        }
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    } else {
        for (int i=0; i<noutlets; i++) {
	    float *fp = x->outvec[i];
            for (int j=vecsize; j--; ) *fp++=0;
	}
    }
    return w+2;
}

static void readsf_start(t_readsf *x) {
    /* start making output.  If we're in the "startup" state change
    to the "running" state. */
    if (x->state == STATE_STARTUP) x->state = STATE_STREAM;
    else error("readsf: start requested with no prior 'open'");
}

static void readsf_stop(t_readsf *x) {
    /* LATER rethink whether you need the mutex just to set a variable? */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->state = STATE_IDLE;
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_CLOSE;
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
}

static void readsf_float(t_readsf *x, t_floatarg f) {
    if (f != 0) readsf_start(x); else readsf_stop(x);
}

/* open method.  Called as: open filename [skipframes headersize channels bytespersample endianness]
   (if headersize is zero, header is taken to be automatically detected; thus, use the special "-1" to mean a truly headerless file.) */
static void readsf_open(t_readsf *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    t_symbol *filesym = atom_getsymbolarg(0, argc, argv);
    t_float onsetframes = atom_getfloatarg(1, argc, argv);
    t_float headerbytes = atom_getfloatarg(2, argc, argv);
    t_float channels = atom_getfloatarg(3, argc, argv);
    t_float bytespersample = atom_getfloatarg(4, argc, argv);
    t_symbol *endian = atom_getsymbolarg(5, argc, argv);
    if (!*filesym->name) return;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_OPEN;
    x->filename = filesym->name;
    x->fifotail = 0;
    x->fifohead = 0;
    if      (*endian->name == 'b') x->p.bigendian = 1;
    else if (*endian->name == 'l') x->p.bigendian = 0;
    else if (*endian->name) error("endianness neither 'b' nor 'l'");
    else x->p.bigendian = garray_ambigendian();
    x->onsetframes = max(long(onsetframes),0L);
    x->skipheaderbytes = int(headerbytes > 0 ? headerbytes : headerbytes == 0 ? -1 : 0);
    x->p.nchannels = max(int(channels),1);
    x->p.bytespersample = max(int(bytespersample),2);
    x->eof = 0;
    x->fileerror = 0;
    x->state = STATE_STARTUP;
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
}

static void readsf_dsp(t_readsf *x, t_signal **sp) {
    int i, noutlets = x->noutlets;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->vecsize = sp[0]->n;
    x->sigperiod = (x->fifosize / (x->p.bytesperchannel() * x->vecsize));
    for (i = 0; i < noutlets; i++) x->outvec[i] = sp[i]->v;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    dsp_add(readsf_perform, 1, x);
}

static void readsf_print(t_readsf *x) {
    post("state %d", x->state);
    post("fifo head %d", x->fifohead);
    post("fifo tail %d", x->fifotail);
    post("fifo size %d", x->fifosize);
    post("fd %d", x->fd);
    post("eof %d", x->eof);
}

static void readsf_free(t_readsf *x) {
    /* request QUIT and wait for acknowledge */
    void *threadrtn;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_QUIT;
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    while (x->requestcode != REQUEST_NOTHING) {
        sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
        sfread_cond_wait(&x->answercondition, &x->mutex);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    if (pthread_join(x->childthread, &threadrtn)) error("readsf_free: join failed");
    pthread_cond_destroy(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&x->answercondition);
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&x->mutex);
    free(x->buf);
    clock_free(x->clock);
}

static void readsf_setup() {
    t_class *c = readsf_class = class_new2("readsf~", (t_newmethod)readsf_new, (t_method)readsf_free, sizeof(t_readsf), 0, "FF");
    class_addfloat(c, (t_method)readsf_float);
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)readsf_start, "start","");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)readsf_stop, "stop","");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)readsf_dsp, "dsp","");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)readsf_open, "open","*");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)readsf_print, "print","");
}

/******************************* writesf *******************/

static t_class *writesf_class;
typedef t_readsf t_writesf; /* just re-use the structure */

/************** the child thread which performs file I/O ***********/

static void *writesf_child_main(void *zz) {
    t_writesf *x = (t_writesf*)zz;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    while (1) {
        if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_NOTHING) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
            sfread_cond_wait(&x->requestcondition, &x->mutex);
        } else if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_OPEN) {
            int fd, sysrtn, writebytes;
            /* copy file stuff out of the data structure so we can relinquish the mutex while we're in open_soundfile(). */
            int filetype = x->filetype;
            char *filename = x->filename;
            t_canvas *canvas = x->canvas;
            float samplerate = x->samplerate;
            /* alter the request code so that an ensuing "open" will get noticed. */
            x->requestcode = REQUEST_BUSY;
            x->fileerror = 0;
            /* if there's already a file open, close it. This should never happen since
		writesf_open() calls stop if needed and then waits until we're idle. */
            if (x->fd >= 0) {
                int bytesperframe = x->p.bytesperchannel();
                char *filename = x->filename;
                int fd = x->fd;
                int filetype = x->filetype;
                int itemswritten = x->itemswritten;
                int swap = x->swap;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                soundfile_finishwrite(x, filename, fd, filetype, 0x7fffffff, itemswritten, bytesperframe, swap);
                close (fd);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                x->fd = -1;
                if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY) continue;
            }
            /* open the soundfile with the mutex unlocked */
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
            fd = create_soundfile(canvas, filename, filetype, 0,
                    x->p.bytespersample, x->p.bigendian, x->p.nchannels, garray_ambigendian() != x->p.bigendian, samplerate);
            pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
            if (fd < 0) {
                x->fd = -1;
                x->eof = 1;
                x->fileerror = errno;
                x->requestcode = REQUEST_NOTHING;
                continue;
            }
            /* check if another request has been made; if so, field it */
            if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY) continue;
            x->fd = fd;
            x->fifotail = 0;
            x->itemswritten = 0;
            x->swap = garray_ambigendian() != x->p.bigendian;
            /* in a loop, wait for the fifo to have data and write it to disk */
            while (x->requestcode == REQUEST_BUSY || (x->requestcode == REQUEST_CLOSE && x->fifohead != x->fifotail)) {
                int fifosize = x->fifosize, fifotail;
                char *buf = x->buf;
                /* if the head is < the tail, we can immediately write
                   from tail to end of fifo to disk; otherwise we hold off
                   writing until there are at least WRITESIZE bytes in the
                   buffer */
                if (x->fifohead < x->fifotail || x->fifohead >= x->fifotail + WRITESIZE
                || (x->requestcode == REQUEST_CLOSE && x->fifohead != x->fifotail)) {
                    writebytes = (x->fifohead < x->fifotail ? fifosize : x->fifohead) - x->fifotail;
                    if (writebytes > READSIZE) writebytes = READSIZE;
                } else {
                    sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
                    sfread_cond_wait(&x->requestcondition,&x->mutex);
                    continue;
                }
                fifotail = x->fifotail;
                fd = x->fd;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                sysrtn = write(fd, buf + fifotail, writebytes);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                if (x->requestcode != REQUEST_BUSY && x->requestcode != REQUEST_CLOSE) break;
                if (sysrtn < writebytes) {x->fileerror = errno; break;}
                else {
                    x->fifotail += sysrtn;
                    if (x->fifotail == fifosize) x->fifotail = 0;
                }
                x->itemswritten += sysrtn / x->p.bytesperchannel();
                /* signal parent in case it's waiting for data */
                sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
            }
        } else if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_CLOSE || x->requestcode == REQUEST_QUIT) {
            if (x->fd >= 0) {
                int bytesperframe = x->p.bytesperchannel();
                char *filename = x->filename;
                int fd = x->fd;
                int filetype = x->filetype;
                int itemswritten = x->itemswritten;
                int swap = x->swap;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
                soundfile_finishwrite(x, filename, fd, filetype, 0x7fffffff, itemswritten, bytesperframe, swap);
                close(fd);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
                x->fd = -1;
            }
            x->requestcode = REQUEST_NOTHING;
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->answercondition);
        }
        if (x->requestcode == REQUEST_QUIT) break;
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    return 0;
}

/******** the object proper runs in the calling (parent) thread ****/

static void *writesf_new(t_floatarg fnchannels, t_floatarg fbufsize) {
    int nchannels = int(fnchannels), bufsize = int(fbufsize), i;
    if (nchannels < 1) nchannels = 1;
    else if (nchannels > MAXSFCHANS) nchannels = MAXSFCHANS;
    if (bufsize <= 0) bufsize = DEFBUFPERCHAN * nchannels;
    else if (bufsize < MINBUFSIZE) bufsize = MINBUFSIZE;
    else if (bufsize > MAXBUFSIZE) bufsize = MAXBUFSIZE;
    char *buf = (char *)getbytes(bufsize);
    if (!buf) return 0;
    t_writesf *x = (t_writesf *)pd_new(writesf_class);
    for (i = 1; i < nchannels; i++) inlet_new(x,x, &s_signal, &s_signal);
    x->f = 0;
    x->p.nchannels = nchannels;
    pthread_mutex_init(&x->mutex, 0);
    pthread_cond_init(&x->requestcondition, 0);
    pthread_cond_init(&x->answercondition, 0);
    x->vecsize = MAXVECSIZE;
    x->insamplerate = x->samplerate = 0;
    x->state = STATE_IDLE;
    x->clock = 0; /* no callback needed here */
    x->canvas = canvas_getcurrent();
    x->p.bytespersample = 2;
    x->fd = -1;
    x->buf = buf;
    x->bufsize = bufsize;
    x->fifosize = x->fifohead = x->fifotail = x->requestcode = 0;
    pthread_create(&x->childthread, 0, writesf_child_main, x);
    return x;
}

static t_int *writesf_perform(t_int *w) {
    t_writesf *x = (t_writesf *)(w[1]);
    if (x->state == STATE_STREAM) {
        int wantbytes;
        pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
        wantbytes = x->vecsize * x->p.bytesperchannel();
        while (x->fifotail > x->fifohead && x->fifotail < x->fifohead + wantbytes + 1) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
            sfread_cond_wait(&x->answercondition, &x->mutex);
	    /* resync local cariables -- bug fix thanks to Shahrokh */
	    wantbytes = x->vecsize * x->p.bytesperchannel();
        }
        soundfile_xferout(x->p.nchannels, x->outvec, (unsigned char *)(x->buf + x->fifohead), x->vecsize, 0, x->p.bytespersample, x->p.bigendian, 1.);
        x->fifohead += wantbytes;
        if (x->fifohead >= x->fifosize) x->fifohead = 0;
        if ((--x->sigcountdown) <= 0) {
            sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
            x->sigcountdown = x->sigperiod;
        }
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    }
    return w+2;
}

static void writesf_start(t_writesf *x) {
    /* start making output.  If we're in the "startup" state change to the "running" state. */
    if (x->state == STATE_STARTUP) x->state = STATE_STREAM;
    else error("writesf: start requested with no prior 'open'");
}

static void writesf_stop(t_writesf *x) {
    /* LATER rethink whether you need the mutex just to set a Svariable? */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->state = STATE_IDLE;
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_CLOSE;
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
}

/* open method.  Called as: open [args] filename with args as in soundfiler_writeargparse(). */
static void writesf_open(t_writesf *x, t_symbol *s, int argc, t_atom *argv) {
    t_symbol *filesym;
    int filetype, bytespersample, swap, bigendian, normalize;
    long onset, nframes;
    float samplerate;
    if (x->state != STATE_IDLE) writesf_stop(x);
    if (soundfiler_writeargparse(x, &argc, &argv, &filesym, &filetype, &bytespersample, &swap, &bigendian,
        &normalize, &onset, &nframes, &samplerate)) {
        error("writesf~: usage: open [-bytes [234]] [-wave,-nextstep,-aiff] ...");
        post("... [-big,-little] [-rate ####] filename");
        return;
    }
    if (normalize || onset || (nframes != 0x7fffffff))
        error("normalize/onset/nframes argument to writesf~: ignored");
    if (argc) error("extra argument(s) to writesf~: ignored");
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    while (x->requestcode != REQUEST_NOTHING) {
        sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
        sfread_cond_wait(&x->answercondition, &x->mutex);
    }
    x->p.bytespersample = max(bytespersample,2);
    x->swap = swap;
    x->p.bigendian = bigendian;
    x->filename = filesym->name;
    x->filetype = filetype;
    x->itemswritten = 0;
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_OPEN;
    x->fifotail = 0;
    x->fifohead = 0;
    x->eof = 0;
    x->fileerror = 0;
    x->state = STATE_STARTUP;
    x->samplerate = samplerate>0 ? samplerate : x->insamplerate>0 ? x->insamplerate : sys_getsr();
    /* set fifosize from bufsize.  fifosize must be a multiple of the number of bytes eaten for each DSP tick.  */
    x->fifosize = x->bufsize - x->bufsize % (x->p.bytesperchannel() * MAXVECSIZE);
    /* arrange for the "request" condition to be signalled 16 times per buffer */
    x->sigcountdown = x->sigperiod = x->fifosize / (16 * x->p.bytesperchannel() * x->vecsize);
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
}

static void writesf_dsp(t_writesf *x, t_signal **sp) {
    int ninlets = x->p.nchannels;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->vecsize = sp[0]->n;
    x->sigperiod = x->fifosize / (x->p.bytesperchannel() * x->vecsize);
    for (int i=0; i<ninlets; i++) x->outvec[i] = sp[i]->v;
    x->insamplerate = sp[0]->sr;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    dsp_add(writesf_perform, 1, x);
}

static void writesf_print(t_writesf *x) {
    post("state %d", x->state);
    post("fifo head %d", x->fifohead);
    post("fifo tail %d", x->fifotail);
    post("fifo size %d", x->fifosize);
    post("fd %d", x->fd);
    post("eof %d", x->eof);
}

static void writesf_free(t_writesf *x) {
    /* request QUIT and wait for acknowledge */
    void *threadrtn;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&x->mutex);
    x->requestcode = REQUEST_QUIT;
    /* post("stopping writesf thread..."); */
    sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
    while (x->requestcode != REQUEST_NOTHING) {
        /* post("signalling..."); */
        sfread_cond_signal(&x->requestcondition);
        sfread_cond_wait(&x->answercondition, &x->mutex);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&x->mutex);
    if (pthread_join(x->childthread, &threadrtn)) error("writesf_free: join failed");
    /* post("... done."); */
    pthread_cond_destroy(&x->requestcondition);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&x->answercondition);
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&x->mutex);
    free(x->buf);
}

static void writesf_setup() {
    t_class *c = writesf_class = class_new2("writesf~", (t_newmethod)writesf_new, (t_method)writesf_free, sizeof(t_writesf), 0, "FF");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)writesf_start, "start", "");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)writesf_stop, "stop", "");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)writesf_dsp, "dsp", "");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)writesf_open, "open", "*");
    class_addmethod2(c, (t_method)writesf_print, "print", "");
    CLASS_MAINSIGNALIN(c, t_writesf, f);
}

/* ------------------------ global setup routine ------------------------- */

void d_soundfile_setup() {
    if (sizeof(uint16)!=2) bug("uint16 should really be 16 bits");
    if (sizeof(uint32)!=4) bug("uint32 should really be 32 bits");
    soundfiler_setup();
    readsf_setup();
    writesf_setup();
}